FOSSIL, MAMMALIAN REMAINS. 115 
solid structure. Under the peat, and resting on marly clay, they 
met with the remains of the above-mentioned deer. Portions of 
an entire skeleton were exhumed, but some parts were in a very 
fragmentary condition. These interesting remains were unfor- 
nately packed off to the Crystal Palace before I had an oppor- 
tunity of seeing them, but were identified on their arrival there 
by Mr. Waterhouse Hawkins. From the description of the 
workman who discovered these remains, I ascertained that the 
most perfect antlers measured about three feet, and from Mr. 
Hawkins I ascertained that the skeleton sent to him indicated an 
Individual of the average size. 
From a careful examination of the place, I came to the con- 
clusion that the peat had not grown on the spot, but had been 
washed from a distance and deposited in a small depression of the 
alluvial clay, which was occasionally overflowed by the Tyne 
during extraordinary floods. It appears also probable, from the 
fragmentary state of the skeleton, that it also had been floated 
from a distance and cast up on the alluvial clay with the peat 
by which it was covered. ‘There was no regular accumulation of 
marl, that I could trace under the peat, to lead to the conclusion 
that a lake formerly existed at the spot where the bones were found. 
Lhope, in future, to have a better opportunity of examining this 
section; at present it is covered with water. 
The bed of clay above the peat was about twelve feet thick, 
and the surface of the brick-yard is now more than twenty feet 
above the high water level of the Tyne. The thick deposit of 
clay, and the present elevation of the surface may indicate altera- 
tions in the levels of the adjoining country, but we require more 
careful observations, before we can generalise satisfactorily, on 
this very difficult question. 
The Rev. W. Greenwell has obligingly communicated to me, 
the discovery of a pair of horns belonging to this species, which 
were found after a storm, and supposed to have been washed out 
of a bed, containing remains of trees near the Snook Point, at 
the mouth of the Tees. They are carefully preserved in the 
University Museum, Durham, and form an additional proof of 
the former existence of this huge deer, and at a comparatively 
