116 FOSSIL MAMMALIAN REMAINS. 
recent geological period in this district. The best preserved speci- 
men (Pl. IV.), has the brow and bez antlers, finely preserved. 
Both horns were shed, and probably belonged to the same 
individual. 
The third pair of antlers belonging to this species are remark- 
able as being the first found in England. They have been men- 
tioned by our local historians, as belonging to the Moose-deer. 
They were discovered in 1740, five or six years before the Cow- 
thorpe specimen. That inaccurate observer, Mr. Cade, first 
noticed their occurrence in the seventh volume of the Archxo- 
logia, p. 74, in the following words :—“ Secondly, there is a 
large cavity on the summit of the camp at Mainsforth, which is 
at this day called Danes-hole, where there was lately dug up a 
pair of Moose-dcer horns of an extraordinary size, probably 
brought from Ireland by Anlaf, as they seem peculiar to that 
kingdom.” 
Mr. Hutchinson (Hist. Durham, Vol. iii., p. 83), corrects Mr. 
Cade as to the locality in which the horns were found, but pro- 
bably errs in supposing that they were brought to this country 
‘for show or curiosity.” He gives also several dimensions of 
the horns, and a figure sufficiently accurate to enable a natura- 
list to identify the species. 
“The whole site of Nab-hill,” says Mr. Surtees, “has been 
twice ploughed without discovering any reliques of its former 
tenants, save that in digging a small pond at the southern base 
of the hill, a.pair of huge antlers belonging to the segh-deer 
was found bedded in the clay, four feet below the surface. One 
of these is preserved; it measures, from root to tip, three feet 
eight inches, and ten inches in circumference immediately above 
the root; the greatest breadth is fourteen inches; several of the 
branches are evidently broken off.”—Hist. of Durham, Pt. 3, 
p. 21. 
Thus, then, the former existence of this gigantic deer in this 
district is established by the threefold evidence recorded above ; 
and the geological position of the remains is also satisfactorily 
determined, viz., on the weathered surface of the boulder clay, 
and beneath deposits of vegetable matter, washed from higher 
