136 SOUTH DURHAM BALLAST HILL FLORA. 
Fig. 11. Further stage, or that period at which it is found free, having 
effected its escape from the sac. 
Figs. 12 & 18. Portions of females, mature and immature, showing the 
form and growth of the false feet or “egg-carriers.” 
Fig. 14. Parasitical young in an advanced stage, and as found doubled 
up in the sac. 
Figs. 15, 16, & 17. Various stages in the development of the claws: viz. 
15, whilst within the sac ; 16, shortly after escape; and 17, 
when mature. . 
Fig. 18. Mature male Phoxichilidiwm coccinewm. 
XXV.—WNotes on the Botany of the South Durham Ballast Hills 
in the Year 1861.—By the Rev. Aurrep Merits Norman, M.A. 
Havine paid several visits during the past summer to the Bal- 
last Hills at Hartlepool, Seaham, and Port Clarence, for the 
purpose of ascertaining the introduced plants which grow upon 
them. I beg to offer to my brother botanists the following notes 
on the rarer species which came under my notice. 
The Hartlepool Ballast Hills are very extensive and their 
flora highly interesting. The ballast unshipped in the harbour 
of the old town, has been deposited to the north, among the 
sandhills, and now forms a barrier, perhaps two miles long, which 
runs parallel with the sea margin, and is of considerable service in 
preventing the loose and shifting sand from being blown over 
those fields, which are in the proximity of the sea. The West 
Hartlepool deposits lie to the south of that tcwn, and are just 
inside the railway. Street after street of this rapidly increasing 
seaport is built towards the same direction, and land on which a 
short time since rubble was deposited, is now covered with a 
teeming population. In a few years more the habitat of many 
of the plants referred to in this paper will be probably thus de- 
stroyed, even should the species be sufficient hardy to survive the 
struggle attendant upon a change of climate and of soil. 
Papaver hybridum, L.—A plant or two at West Hartlepool on 
the southern extremity of the deposits. P. Argemone, 
dubium, and rheas are all common. I have not yet 
