COMMITTEE’8 ADDRESS. 181 
groups, were within these ramparts. The gateway, which was 
strongly defended, is on the east, and the entrances to the dwell- 
ings are in the same direction, partly it may be, for shelter 
from the high westerly winds; but, as the arrangement is general 
over the country, it may have ‘also partly originated in some 
superstition connected with sun worship. The huts were cir- 
cular, usually about 20 feet in diameter; they were partly flagged 
in arude manner with flat porphyry stones, and partly paved; 
the entrance had a door, probably of wood or wicker work, for 
there is a row of flags laid across the entrance, about four inches 
higher than the level of the floor, as if to check a door. 
The fire had been in the centre. There had been a wall probably 
about five or six feet high, for portions still remain from two 
to three feet in height, and on this the wooden rafters had 
rested, which had been covered with wicker work and with reeds, 
straw, or sods. In one hut, against the rampart, the fire had 
been in a hollow of eighteen inches below the surface, and the 
smoke had escaped by a rude flue through the wall. A large 
number of these hut arches are traceable. The walls of the 
ramparts and huts are constructed of large blocks of porphyry, 
without lime or cement of any kind. In this singular town, and 
at the Chesters and Brough Law, two other camps of a similar 
age, during the excavations made by the Club, assisted by the 
munificent liberality of the Duke of Northumberland, there have 
been discovered coarse pottery of a Celtic character, flint weapons, 
a glass amulet and armlet, deers’ horns, horses’ teeth and bones, 
and several querns or stone handmills. Curiously enough, one 
of these querns, after having ground the corn of the primitive 
Britons, was at last applied by them asa flag in one of the huts. 
At Greaves Ash Town there appears no reconstruction in a 
changed style—no relics to show even temporary occupation after 
the race who founded it had perished—no trace of the Roman 
Conqueror, nor even the influence of Roman ideas in the construc- 
tion of the works. This ruined town therefore remains an 
imperfect, but nevertheless unalloyed, relic of one of the earliest 
of British races. It differed much from our modern notions of a 
town; there were no rows of rectangular houses, with windows 
