а. 
CuxxixGHAM.— The Uredinales, or Rust-fungi, of New Zealand. 29 
1. Melampsoridium betulinum Klebahn. (Fig. 100.) Betulaceae. 
Kleb., l.c., p. 21. 
Uredo Betulae Schum., Enum. Pl. Saell., vol 2, p. 228, 1803. Melampsora 
betulina Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 4, vol. 2, p. 97, 1854. Aecidium Laricis 
Kleb., Zeits. Pflanzenkr., vol. 9, p. 18, 1899. Peridermium Laricis Arth. 
et Kern, Bull. Torr. Club, vol. 33, p. 436, 1906. Melampsoridium Betulae 
Arth., N. A 110, 1907. 
reddish-orange.  Peridia elliptical, up to 1 mm. mm. long, margin 
irregularly torn, tinted. Spores subglobose or elliptical, 16-25 x 12-16 mmm. ; 
e aline, minutely and closely verruculose, 1-1-5 mmm. thick, 
de 
elliptical or subclavate, 20-35 x 10-15 mmm. ; epispore hyaline, sparsely 
and somewhat coarsely echinulate, smooth towards the apex, 1 mmm. 
thick; germ-pores indistinct. 
III. Teleutosori hypophyllous, immersed, scattered, orbicular, 0-5 mm. 
diam., chestnut-brown, indehiscent. Spores compac into a flattened 
crust, prismatic, 35-45 x 10-15 mmm. ; apex and base obtusely rounded ; 
epispore tinted brown, smooth, 1 mmm. thick; germ-pore indistinct. 
Host: Betula alba L. On leaves. Herb. No. 596. II, III. Hanmer 
(Canterbury), W. Morrison! 2 March, 1922. 
Distribution: Europe; Asia; North America. The host is an introduced 
species. 
The aecidia occur on Larix spp. Plowright (1890) first worked out the 
connection between the aecidium on iz and the uredo- and teleuto- 
spores on Betula. The teleutospores germinate the season following their 
production. j 
3. PUCCINIASTRUM Otth. 
Otth, Mitth. d. Nat. Gesellsch. in Bern, p. T1, 1861. 
Phragmopsora Magn.. Hedw., vol. 14, p. 123, 1875. Thekopsora Magn., l.c. 
Heteroecious. Cycle of development includes 0, I, П, ш. 
0. Spermogones flattened-globose, without ostiolar filament 
8. 
І. Aecidia with definite peridia, erumpent.  Peridia cylindrical. Aecidio- 
spores elliptical; epispore hyaline, thin, verruculose, except on one side 
i t 
where it is smooth and thinner; germ-pores indistinct. 
d 
is produced from any one spore, whether l- or 4-celled. 
