162 Transactions. 
cf. sulcata (Hutton) is given (text-fig. 1b) for comparison with the type of 
Struthiolariopsis. The chief differences observable are the longer axials 
and the higher whorls of the former. 
nother species attributed to this genus is Struthiolariopsis similis 
Wilckens (1922, p. 17), from the Upper Senonian of Amuri Bluff, New 
Zealand; but unfortunately this shell does not in any way improve the 
j sition. Wilekens was not sure whether there was 
is quite straight, and, where broken, the canal shows 
little taper, so it was originally much longer. This, 
with the strong biangulation of the body-whorl, the 
nodules on the shoulder-angle, the course of the 
growth-lines, and the disposition of the spiral 
rnamentation, indicates generic, perhaps even 
Fic. 2. 
. L c 7 L .7 * о 
“Struthiolariopsis” similis specific, agreement with Tudicula alta. Wilekens, - 
Wilekens (holotype) ^ figured by him on the same plate, and occurring 
at the same locality. 
Struthiolariopsis should therefore be removed from the Struthiolarüdae __ 
ho T 
NUMEN ETT TEM Же PE SIT 
DEO WI USD EHE Vid mv wr 
and put near Belophos. The latter genus was placed by Cossmann (1901, УЙ 
p. 37) in the Buccinidae, but its shape, aperture, and ornamentation show 
relations with Pseudotoma, the only difference being the deeper anterior 
notch of the canal. 
* * БЫ ж ж Ж * 
The shells hitherto classed under Struthiolaria sensu lato present à 
considerable diversity of appearance, and several well-defined divisions E. 
can be made 
1. Monalaria n. g. Outer lip with broad sinus above sweeping round to a convex wing 
below, columella straight. 
a. Wh convex, sculpture of equal strong spaced spiral cords. Ex. cf. 
S. lirata 'Tate. 
b. Whorls with curved axials, crossed by spaced spiral cords. Ex. S. minor 
Marshall. 
c. Early whorls as in b, later whorls with fine regular spiral striae, and 
; axials abbreviated to sharp tubercles. Ex. 8. concinna Suter. | 
2. Struthiolarella Steinmann and Wilckens. Outer lip as in 1, columella slightly bent 
in youth, curvature increasing with age; whorls subangled, early sculpture of 
curved axials, later abbreviated to rounded tubercles, fine spirals above, strong 
cinguli . S. ameghinoi von Ihering. 
3. Struthiolaria Lamarck. Outer lip bisinuous, columella bent well to right. 
a. Whorl а: imd late, Ipt fe pi їз Ex. 5. pap- 
losa (Martyn). 
b. An enormous development of callus on inner lip, otherwise as ^ 
Ex. S. callosa n. sp. ^ 
c. Spire-whorls bicarinate or tricarinate, body-whorl with four principal 
spiral cinguli and several weaker ones below, cinguli sometimes 
oniliform. Ex. S. vermis Martyn. 
4. Tylospira Harris. Outer lip bisinuous, columella well bent, lightly calloused at an 
early stage, but continuing to grow forward so that no sculpture is formed on the 
body-whorl Ех. B. scutulatum Martyn. 
The four main divisions, based on the formation of the aperture, are 
here given generic rank, and that these genera have sprung from a common 
stock appears on a study of their ornamentation. 
Grabau (1902) was the first to apply the theory of recapitulation to the 
development of gasteropod sculpture, notably for Fusus (1904). Additional 
pom have been worked out by Miss McDonald, Dr. Trueman (1921), and 
others. 
