174 Transactions. 
strongly curved as nada of earlier whorl, but are much more prominent ; 
on the penultimate whorl spirals are same as before, but axials have rather 
the appearance of tubercles on angle of shoulder ; body-whorl is spiralled 
by fine regular threads with wider interstices, the row of tubercles seen on 
the penultimate whorl continues with unabated strength, and below this 
is a double keel consisting of 2 rows of low tubercles which do not corre- 
spond to those of shoulder nor with each other; suture impressed ; aperture 
inclined, ovate with a short truncated canal below; outer lip reflexe 
thickened, concave above, but well produced at lower keel, retreating 
somewhat rapi in a shallow sinus to anterior canal; inner lip very 
moderately calloused ; ойны straight, ending in ав ort beak. 
Holotype in the collection of New Zealand Geological Survey. 
Height, 31 mm. ; diameter, 23 mm 
Localities. — Waihao seat (holotype, J. A. Thomson); 176, 933, 
Pes Point, Waitaki Valley ; 164, greensands above coal- beds, Kakahu ; 
7, above coal-beds, Deepens 27, roof of upper coal-seam, Ten- mile 
rede, north of Grey Riv 
The last two identifications are based on casts, and so may be of shells 
slightly différent from concinna, but as far as can be seen they are specifically 
identical. It will be observed that the beds at all these localities are of a 
uniformly low horizon, so that this species will be of great value for zoning 
purposes because of its wide distribution 
For the subspecific relationship with Struthiolaria tuberculata nothing 
can be put эы as evidence. The shells are far scura indeed, the 
apertures are so different that the distinction is of generic importance. 
Several specimens show an earlier lip, after the formation of which the 
animal continued building its shell in the usual way. One such lip on the 
holotype is à complete whorl behind the present aperture, while a specimen 
from Black Point has a quite complete thickened lip one-third of a tum 
behind the final one. 
Suter (1917, p. 9) mentions the cast of another specimen showing à 
fourth row of vent es, and concludes He that S. tuberculata may 
have two, three, or four keels. This quite ignores other and much more 
important characters, for the cast with the four nodules is that of a 
Galeodea cf. senex (Hutton). 
Monalaria minor (Marshall). (Plate 11, figs. 5, 6, 7.) 
1917. — minor Marshall, Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol 49, p. 451, pl 34, 
Localities. Ме луч (type); Boulder Hill, near Dunedin (Н. E. Fyfe). 
The exact with reference to the Eu uropean time-scale has not 
yet been vel [s but it is probably lowest Tertiary. (For description 
of the sculpture, see above, p. 164.) 
2. Genus SrRUTHIOLARIA Lamarck, 1812, 
Genotype: Buccinum papulosum Mart 
Shell ovate, umbilicus closed in adults ; spire about same height as 
aperture which is oval, with slight posterior channel and very short trun- 
cated anterior canal; columella bent to right, ending in a beak; outer 
lip bisinuous, reflexed and thickened ; ; inner lip with well- devi callus ; 
protoconch probably bulbous, at Ae angles to axis, but generally destroyed, 
leaving a smooth planorbid apex 
