Marwick.—The Struthiolariidae. 181 
latter represent eiie e gigas. ln a card of five Stewart Island speci- 
mens in the Dominion Museum, two are typically nodulous ; two have 
the nodules btang Мое on the later whorls, with a corresponding 
rounding of the shoulder; while the fifth has almost regularly convex 
whorls throughout, with the merest traces of the nodules on the rounded 
shoulder—it has, in fact, somewhat the appearance of Tryon's figure of 
S. sulcata Jonas 
It does not at present seem advisable to give any of these aberrant forms 
specific recognition. The one with rounded whorls and obsolete tubercles 
can, however, be distinguished easily, and it is possible that a separate 
species is represented. 
Localities.—Recent, Castlecliff and Kai Iwi, а 1094, oap ғ] 
tahi River, Hawke's Bay (very strong spirals — Plate fip. 4); 875, 
Manaia Beach, Taranaki (M. Ongley) ; 858, below semen Жым 
СтееК. 
The specimens from the last three localities аге by no means typical. 
Those from Manaia and Starborough resemble a tumid form of the nodular 
variety, and have the nodules very closely place 
The only shell closely resembling 5. papulosa from a possibly eir 
horizon than Pliocene is one from Kanieri. This is Hutton’s S. 
var. B of 1873. The specimen has much the aspect of the Mekan 
Island shell with rounded whorls, Vau and above, and was thought b 
Suter to be S. papulosa. Another specimen in the Geological Survey col- 
lection from the same district (154, Kanieri) has whorls more angled, but 
also only traces of nodules. Both are fragmentary, and the second has 
the suggestion of a keel on the body-whorl. So until better specimens are 
found it does not seem justifiable to extend the range of S. papulosa back 
to the Miocene. Several fossils from Kanieri have Wanganuian affinities, 
and may be from Pliocene strata in the neighbourhood. 
Struthiolaria frazeri Hutton. (Plate 13, figs. 8, 10.) 
1885. Struthiolaria frazeri (Hector MS.): Hutton, Trans. N.Z. Inst, vol 17, 
3 
1886, Struthiolaria fraseri i Hector, Outline N.Z. Geol., а Зод 
1893. Struthiolaria frazeri Hutton, Macleay Mem. Vol., p. 9 
1897. пага Hutton: Harris, Cat. Tert. Moll. Brit. Mus., i, p. 220, 
l. vi, figs. a, b. 
1910. PL Min arie peeing Park, Geol. N.Z., p. 162, fig. 81. 
1913. Struthiolaria frazeri Hutton : Speight, Rec. Cant. Mus., No. 2, pt. 1, ke 
1921. Struthiolaria frazeri Hutton: Suter, N.Z. Geol. Surv. Pal. Bull. No. 8, 
р. 19 
In revising Hutton's types, Suter did not find that of S. frazeri, which 
Hutton described while he was in Christchurch. Professor Speight informed 
me in a private communication that it is not in Canterbury Museum, ánd 
thinks that the fine specimen in the Geological Survey collection at the 
Dominion Museum is probably the original type. Consequently this shell 
becomes the type of the species. 
Most of the specimens, including the type, have small blunt tubercles 
on the shoulder, but others have only the strong, regular, smooth, spiral 
; of the former variety Harris’s figure is an excellent representation, 
while Нес pay is equally characteristic of the latter 
rega e localities, several obscure names hav e been iven, so 
that it may be yd to list and explain them here : Hutton (1885), Kiki- 
wheru Creek ; Hutton (1886), Matapiro (found also in the Pareora system) ; 
