Barr.—Zydroids from the New Zealand Coast. 247 
those of stem), and where bifurcations occur in fascicles one of the divisions 
has its first pair of ро opposite as usual, while in the other they 
are generally subalte 
othecae srg like those of S. operculata, but teeth generally more 
‘ele ati in many cases quite equal, as figured b man; while 
Coughtrey describes one as much larger than the other—a description not 
= эч by his specimens. No doubt considerable variation occurs. 
mode of branching is, as in allied species, strictly dichotomous, 
om where the fascicles branch off, one division (that which continues 
the rachis) is much thicker than the other. There is, as usual, a hydro- 
theca at each side of every a 
Stem-internodes much stouter than hydrothecae situated upon them, 
and the latter often inconspicuous; it is probably partly on this account, 
and partly from their being ve sene e E = older portions, that 
Kirchenpauer has descri as being 
The gonangia, which are not present in ў imens before me, are 
described as similar to those of S. operculata, not to those of S. bispinosa. 
Thompson, under the name “ S. operculata ( t ^ includes D. fasciculata K. 
and D. bispinosa Gray, and, though not having seen specimens exactly 
corresponding to 8. trispinosa Coughtrey, has “ little doubt that it is in 
reality a mere variety of the present species." He says, " Sert opercu- 
lata (?) is of very common occurrence in New Zealand and Australia. 
There are two very distinct varieties, as indeed is, I think, the case with 
our British specimens. The first is brown in colour ur, and forms dense 
short tufts, 2 or 3inches in height. The second variety is of a yellowish 
hue, and occurs in long, trailing, dichotomously-branching. shoots, often 2 
(according to Kircheupauer 3 or 4) feet in height. This is not merely a 
difference in age." , Coughtrey says of S. ramulosa that there are two 
varieties, coarse d delica 
Kirchenpauer says that the thread-like stems are densely crowded on 
a Laminaria, forming clusters 3ft. or 4ft. long, and that the individual 
stems reach 9 ft. in length. His specimens were from Sydney and New 
Zealan 
Tho ompson 's statement that the species is of very common occurrence 
in Australia and New Zealand can, I think, only be accounted for by 
кышы as identical with D. cla D' E. a piel allied to 
S. operculata and the species before us, and very possibly identical with 
one of them. I have referred to this subject in another place (1915, 
p. 276) but I may here summarize the distinctions between the two forms. 
S. dwa form, under 1 in. in height, usually unbranched, and 
with one or two gonangia borne at base of shoot ; it is of the Desmoscyphus 
type—that is to say, hydrothecae forming a pair are in contact or closely 
äpproximate in front of hydrocaulus, at least in upper portion. D. pul- 
chella is a large species, 9in. in € srera branched, with 
of S. opercu 
