426 Transactions. 
On the other hand, some workers consider that these reports are much 
exaggerated, and record experiments in which no detrimental results 
followed. Baudys (1921) experimented with animals, and also upon him- 
self, without any ill effects. oultry, mice, and rabbits were fed on 
smutted grain (T. Tritici) and actually increased in weight; he himself 
(1879) that the spores may retain their viability up to eight years, if kept 
in a dry place. 
Infection occurs in the seedling stage, as in Ustilago Avenae. Germi- 
nation has been worked out and figured by numerous authors, being first 
recorded by Berkeley (1847). 
In water a probasidium is produced, and on the end of this is borne a 
whorl of slender sickle-shaped conidia. The conidia may in turn oduce ` 
. 
г 
either stout allantoid secondary conidia, or else directly produce infection 
ae. 
This and the following species are readily controlled by steeping the 
grain prior to sowing in some suitable fungicide. For this purpose copper- 
sulphate solution, formalin, and, as a dry treatment, copper-carbonate, 
are usually recommended. 
3. Tilletia Tritici Winter. (Text-fig. 18.) 
Wint., in Rabh. Krypt. Fl., vol. 1, р. 110, 1881. 
Uredo Caries DC., Fl. Fr., vol. 6, p. 78, 1815. Tilletia Caries Tul, Ann. Sci. 
Nat., ser. 3, vol. 7, p. 113, 1847. T. Secalis (Cda.) Kuehn, in Е. v. Waldb., 
Apercu Syst. Ust., p. 50, 1877. 
Sori in ovaries, concealed within the glumes, shortly elliptical, 4-6 mm. 
long, dark brown, fetid. i 
Spores globose or subglobose, 16-24 mmm. diam.; epispore with a 
network of raised reticulations about 1 mmm. high, surrounding polygonal 
depressions 2-4 mmm. wide, pallid brown. 
. Host: Triticum vulgare Vill. In inflorescences. Herb. No. 599. 
Lincoln (Canterbury), 80 m., F. E. Ward! 27 Jan., 1922. 
Distribution : World-wide. 
This is separated from the preceding species on account of the reticulate 
spores. Both species occur on the same host, frequently in the same spike. 
: veis and Stevenson (1923) give as a synonym Tilletia Secalis Kuehn., 
eed they have shown the form on rye to be identical with the above, 
cmd “т that it is found on a different host. 
. Potter and Coons (1918) claim that this speci d fr 
and pecies may be separated irom 
the preceding in the field on account of the following differences :— 
Tilletia Tritici, Tilletia levis 
onsiderably stunts the host | Has lit i 
É t . tle stunting effect. 
pex Ben ` grains to become much | Has little өйө, орой the shape of = 
ume and consequently shorter in  . grain, merely causing it to shrivel 
s . : ightly. 
piii more powdery, friable, or even | Spore-mass inclined to be unctuous. 
Germination and method of infection are similar to the preceding. 
