HENDERSON.—Post-Tertiary History of New Zealand. 581 
entirely. The new shore-line produced by elevation will soon be modified. 
In some localities it will be c sr back by the waves, in others it will be 
prograded, and between the ts of maana sea-advance and maximum 
be i 
e under-water slope of a a prograded shore is likely to be continued 
above sea-level by slope, fan, or deltaic deposits with little or no change of 
of the terrestrial and marine deposits, the old strand-line will probably soon 
be oblite rated. The summit and basal edges of sea-cliffs cut by the waves 
d a period of comparative rest are much more decided lines of demar- 
cation. The summit edges, except on coasts where the controlling condi- 
horizontal even if the uplift is horizontal. The base of an old sea-cliff— 
that is, the inner edge of a coastal.terrace— will probably furnish much 
more relia oon di as to the nature and amount of movement of 
the злобна" but, as explained by Darwin in the second chapter of his 
Geological vation on South America, it by no means follows that the 
inner edge of a coastal bench on a horizontally uplifted shore is horizontal. 
= With respect to the basal or lower edges of the escarpments, from 
periods by cliff-formed shores, one’s first impression is Pred! they at least 
necessarily must be horizontal, if the elevation has been horizontal. But 
here is a fallacy: for after the sea has, during a cibo “ the elevation, 
worn cliffs all round the shores of a bay, when the movement reco nces, 
and especially if it recommences slowly, it might well happen that, at the 
exposed mouth of the bay, the waves might continue for some time wearing 
into the land, whilst in the protected and upper parts successive beach-lines 
might be accumulating in a sloping surface or terrace at the foot of the 
escarpment to be finally uplifted above the reach of the sea, its 
or foot near the oid will run at a lower level than in the upper or 
iere sid. provided Princi are чан а to dor 
nate css —— the.evidence may be confidently accepted 
the shells strewing the benches were all of littoral species, that the uplift 
had been by small sudden starts such as those accompanying recent earth- 
quakes, or, more probably, by such starts conjointly with a gradual upward 
movement, and had not been due to great and sudden upheavals. In New 
Zealand the irregular coast-line causes the beach deposits to vary greatly 
