Henverson.—Post-Tertiary History of New Zealand. 591. 
by widely scattered remnants.  Definite benches are best preserved near 
Te Araroa, at er near Collingwood, and in the south-west corner 
of Otago. The cycle to ie? they belong has been termed by Cotton 
the “ Kaukau cycle ” (92, 
The above facts support Pie suggestion ins New mco irae moved 
in respect to sea-level during later Pleistocene and Rece mes as a 
whole. Any differential movements riot iat earth- blocks that may 
have taken place during these periods must have been small, if compared 
to the platesn-forming 1 movements by which sid Zealand has been uplifted 
as a unit. 
EVIDENCES OF DEPRESSION. 
The numerous embayments and branching indentations on both sides 
of North Auckland Peninsula definitely prove the depression of this part 
of New Zealand. А bore on the flats at the northern end of Kaipara 
Harbour penetrated 212ft. of river silts and estuarine beds (83, p. 458) 
without reaching solid rock, but (a this record there seems to be no 
evidence as to the amount of the depression. Ramifying inlets occur also 
along the west coast as far south as Kawhia. Hochstetter (111, p. 273) 
long ago pointed out that the Waikato has completely filled in a галаа 
inlet. This at one time extended inland as far as Huntly, over thirty 
from the sea. Here a band of marine shells in unconsolidated rela 
beds 67ft. below sea- Fini (39, p. 31) was passed through by a bore 
A slight depression would create an extensive inlet about Waikato mouth ; 
on the other hand, a slight a Moke jy pee convert the greater part of the 
harbours from Manukau to Kawhia dry land. Although the straight 
cliffed coast between Raglan and Waikato Heads has been cut back by the 
sea, all, save the smallest streams, are tidal at their mouths, and flow 
bib oe n flats produced 48 the recent slight uplift of their infilled 
estuari 
partly 
filled with oprah and muds to the present 105 ft. contour. Evidently, after 
the 200—300 ft. coastal bench had been formed the land was considerably 
elevated, and the valleys thereby cupias partly filled in during a later 
depression when the land was 100 ft. or more lower than at present. The 
coast between Kawhia and Waitara is similar to that between Raglan and 
Waikato Heads; and the rivers, which are tidal at their mouths, enter the 
sea through infilled estuaries. The Mokau, the largest river, is tidal for 
twenty-four miles, and near its mouth there are extensive mud-flats bare 
at low water. Its estuary, therefore, is not yet completely filled (54, p. 13). 
Submerged forests with peat and igritic beds are exposed on the coast 
ironsand derived from the volcanic rocks of Taranaki. According to Park 
i p. 60) the lignitic beds nowhere are found more than a mile or two 
m the present coast. They probably represent the vegetation of the old 
fat acts smothered by littoral deposits during the depression that ceased 
when the 120 ft. coastal terrace was form 
Wanganui is built for the most part on the raised estuarine flats of the 
river. At the town, bores have shown that the infilling beds extend at 
least 172 ft. (77, p. 348), and near Aramoho, three miles up-stream, about 
00 ft. below sea-level (82, p. 452). At Longburn (81, p. 552), near Palmers- 
ton North, beds of sand and shingle occur to a depth of nearly 300 ft. below 
