; 43 
. Galium véruni, L. 
(a.) Soft fleshy smooth rounded gall of stem near a node (much 
like (a) on Tilia’ caused by a gall-midge, Perrisia Galii (H. Low.). 
(b.) areri rolled into narrow tubes by a mite, Eriophyes Galii, 
(Karpe 
Sambueus nigra, Leaf margins rolled upwards to form 
slender tubes by a mice Epitrimerus trilobus, Nal. 
Achillea Millefolium, Z. On the stem, often close to the surface 
of the ground or just below it, or in the axils of leaves, or on the 
leafstalks or leafblades, or among the Bowen in the heads, occur 
subcylindric galls about as large as a grain of barley, of firm 
fleshy texture, shining, at first green but becoming very dark, and 
bursting open at the summit with several recurved lobes. 
galls are the work of a midge, Hormomyia Millefolii, H. Loew, 
which is now referred to the section Rhopalomyia. Often common. 
Hieracium Pilosella, L. MEM of leaves swollen into spindle- 
shaped thickenings of sma lls 
s ? d Oan a deste cell, the work of a gallfly (Awlaz) or of 
On e example found. 
ge ely meer cells m the swelling. Among them live 
minute "yita (T'ylenchus sp.), which form the galls. 
Veronica Chamaedrys, L. Whitish, or ne often pale reddish- 
green, masses at the ends of vegetative shoots consist of the 
terminal leaves thickly. covered on the báck with whitish hairs, 
yellow larvae of a midge, Perrisia Veronicae (Vallot). Not 
seldom the leaves are caused to produce a very similar hai 
covering by action of wall-mites, Eriophyes anceps, Nal. Som 
times both animals attack the same shoots. When alone the mites 
cause a more diffuse hairy coat than do the midges. 
Nepeta Glechoma, Benth. Upper surface of leaf has on it a 
number of small hairy galls shaped like rifle-bullets, each 
opening by a narrow hole on lower surface of leaf; they fall off 
at end of autumn, each leaving a hole in leaf ; caused by a midge, 
Oligotrophus buvaaPcis (Bremi). 
Ulmus sp. 
(a.) Leaf bears on upper surface flask-shaped, thin-walled pale 
green or reddish galls, 10 mm. or more in height, attached by a 
narrow neck, through which "the inner cavity opens on lower 
surface of leaf ; caused by Tetraneura Ulmi, De Geer. 
(b.) Leaf hypertrophied, yellowish green, irregularly rolled 
kwards and rough, one side only, or almost the ds leaf 
galled ; caused by Schizoneura Ulmi, L. 
Urtica dioica, L. On the bases of the leaves, and also on young 
stems and inflorescences, occur roundish fleshy pale-green galls, 
about the size of a small pea frequently, which open greed on 
the upper surface. They are Doreen by a gall-midge, P 
Urticae, (Perris). 
