388 
lower to bini Passes eara in the upper part of the stem. Flowers 
yellow, terminal. 
Ill.—Jacq. “Hort, Bot. Vindob. ii. t. 161; Plenck. Ic. t. 638; 
Schk. Handb. t. 258; Mem. Mus. Paris. xix. (1830), t. 4; Rchb. 
Ic. Fl. Germ. xvi. t. 940, f. 2; Bot. Mag. t. 7545; Gard. Chron 
Dec. 4th, 1909, p. 374, f. 163 (tubers s). 
Vernac. names.—Gwaza (Zaria, Dudgeon); Artichoke, Jerusa- 
lem Artichoke. 
Native of N. America. Introduced to Europe, Asia, Africa, etc. 
Cultivated generally as a vegetable, and do some extent for the 
production of Alcohol (Kew Bull. 1912, p. 119). 
The cultivation is approximately the same as for the Potato. 
The requirements are à warm climate, moderate rainfall and 
fairly rich soil. The tubers are planted 3 in. deep in rows about 
15 ft. apart, and earthed up in drills when a few feet high. The 
oop is ready for harvesting when the stems begin to dry and 
ither, after about four months growth. The tubers may be 
mes in due ground and dug up as required or they may be stored 
venient receptacle covered with earth or sand, 
especially i in countries where growth is more or less continuous 
the year ro 
The yield oF tuber: per acre may be 3 tons and upwards. In 
Hungary more than 8 tons per acre agi been obtained with over 
3 tons of stems and leaves (7410 lb. of stems and leaves and 
3). 
18,320 1b. tubers, Journ. Bd. Agric. xx. 1913, p 
The yield on an experimental scale in Nairobi, B.E. Africa, 
i 4 Ib. p 
—13th jur to 8th mye Ya Rep. Ann. No. 519, moz 
= as To recommend 
Jerusalem FRESE áre cultivated ui ibo T of Zaria town 
(Dudgeon, Agric. and For. Prod. W. Afr. 
** Helianthi " is a her "d plant ibat has been advised 
as equal if mi rior the Jerusalem M ee 
Ib. of ds ang london, and 4940 Ib. "eges per acre for 
thi. 
plant failures (50 bn cent. ‘‘ Helianthi," 7 ni cent. * Jerusalem 
Artichoke") and the difficulty of harv rvesting the tubes cene de 
having to be ae for ‘‘ Helianthi "" on account of the long under- 
ground runners, while those of the Jerusalem e being 
close oil as in the potato can be harvested with a hoe 
