436 
Chevalier eu. Soc. Bot. France, liii. 1906, p. 19; De Wilde- 
man, Pl. Util. Congo, ii. 1908, Art. viii. = 218) it is with 
pre Pei owariensis the » prin cipal source of vine rubber on the 
Ivory Coast. ‘‘ Red ball,’’ one of the so-called ** Root rubbers ” of 
the Southern Provinces, Dm is attributed to this species. 
(Unwin, Mus. Kew, Rep. MSS. Benin, 1907). 
A valuable ben vine, abundant in parts of conte 
Nigeria (Col. Rep. Ann. No. 512, 1906, p. 25); shoots u 
the base after the stem has been cut below the surface of Kas 
ground (Unwin, l.c.). 
Ra —'' Clitandra elastica, in Col. Rep. Misc. ak 51, 1908, 
Forestry Administration, S. Nigeria (1900), Pi 37-38. 
a Basile of the Examination of HT pan Rubber (Clitandra 
elastica) from Southern Nigeri ria," i Govt. Z a; 
«p .—iv. 
Examination : of t e Rubber of DE Marodi Vine from 
Southern Nigeria,” Dunsta an, in Govt. Gaz. S. Nigeria, 15th 
July, 1908, Suppl. ** Ubabikpan Rubber (Clitandra elastica), H 
in Bull. Imp. Inst. vii. 1909, pp. 258-259, with analysis; and in 
Col. Rep. Misc. No, 2, 191 PA E 364 — — Rubber of the 
C Marodi” Vine (1908)," in Bull. Imp. Inst. vii. 1909, pp. 259- 
260, with analysis, and in Col. Rep. Misc l.c. p. 364. 
Clitandra visciflua, K. Schum. ; F1. Trop. Afr. IV. Sect. 1, p. 66, 
Ill.—Hallier, Kautschuklianen, in Jahrb. Hamburg Wiss. 
Anst. xvii. ID Beih. 3, t. 4, ff. 1-5 (partly). 
Vernac. names.—Ubake (Be nin, Unwin), Olute? (Colonial 
Office, 1884, C. M. Thompson, Herb. Kew w). 
Benin City (Unwin, No. 51, 1906, Herb. Kew); found also in 
the Cameroons 
Yields an uer extract used for mixing with the latex of 
other rubbers 
Carpopinus, R. Br. 
Carpodinus Barteri, rae Fl. Trop. Afr. IV. Sect. 1, p. 77. 
Vernac. nam (Ilaro, Lagos, Punch); [Asset 
(Asaba); Akhe “Benin, DHonkwari, Ottaekwari, Ottarniaha, 
Chai (Ibe) Thompson, Unwin]. 
(Barter, Rowland, Moloney, Millen, Punch); Asaba 
me ; Old Calabar (Mann, Chevalier); New Caleta Derema 
(Holland); Agege (Foster). 
. Moloney describes this as a ** isa yielding creeper common 
in the bush " (No. xi. 1883, Her LET ira Punch (No. 43, 
mentions an thin 
of the rubber and it is probable that at best it is only ** p ase A 
ere dulcis, Sabine; Fl. = ORs An LM int 1, pp. 76, 
