604 



small 



(Cons, 



Rep. Ann. No. 4575, 1910, p. 30). It has further been stated 



that in Brazil *' the best and most important feature of the 



manioc industry is its exportation in dried pieces, which the 



European markets insist on for the manufacture of alcohol " 



(Journ. Roy. Soc. Arts, 1913, p. 1064). The yield of alcohol is 



59-8 litres per cent, on the starch contained in the dried roots 



which averages 67 per cent., and the manihot washes give 



satisfactory results when used for the manufacture of pressed 



jeast (Inter. Sugar Journ. 1909, p. 612); 68-53 per cent, of 



-starch in the dry root, 24 per cent, in the fresh root and 84-63 



per cent, of starch in the flour are typical results quoted from 



-over 100 analyses of cassava roots grown in Jamaica (Bull. 



Imp. Inst. 1903, p. 38). 



A sample of dried and grated Cassava ('' Garri ") from 

 Nigeria was valued in 1909 at 6^. to Gs. Gd. per cwt. for ordinary 

 manufacturing use, w^hilst a firm emj^lo^dng starch for the prepa- 

 ration of glucose to be used in brewing, reported that this 

 granulated Cassava might be worth £7 7^. Qd, per ton for their 

 purposes (Col. Rep. Ann. No. 665, 1911 (for 1909), p. 33). In 

 1911 Johnson (Rep. Agric. Dept. S. Nig. 1911, pp. 4, 6) found 



:periment 



rmin 



making 



u C.J' ' y 



planting 85. Sd, ; hoeing and 



weeding, £3 135. M. ; harvesting crop £1 7^. Id, — total £8 I65, Od. ; 



\deld 



peeled 



dried 4,594 lb.; and prepared "garri" 3,720 lb.; it was con- 

 sidered in view of the probable cost of " Garri '' for the prepara- 

 tion of glucose at £7 Is. 6d. per ton, but difficult to sell in 

 competition with East Indian Sago flour at the same price or up 

 to £7 IO5. that it w^as doubtful whether the meal or dried root 

 could be exported to England at a profit. The prospects of 

 Cassava Starch as an Industry were being discussed in 1903 



<A 



p. 393 ; Cousins, Bull. 



Dept. Agric. Jamaica, March 1904; Agric. News, Barbados, 

 April 23rd, 1904, p. 137 ; May 7th, 1904, p. 150 ; May 21st, 1904, 

 pp. 161-162) and in January of that year a ton of starch was 

 ^hipped to England from Jamaica for the purpose of testing the 

 market, the results being reported as entirely satisfactory; a 

 price of £10 per ton in Bristol was offered with a request that 

 50 tons should be shipped at the earhest opportunity (l;c. p. 161) ; 

 it suited the finishers of high class goods in Manchester who then 

 used for their finer processes wheat starch costing on an average 

 £27 per ton (I.e. April 23rd, 1904, p. 137). Cassava starch was 

 exported from St. Vincent in 1908 (236,502 lb. value £1,352) 

 (Rep, Agric. Dept. St. Vincent, 1912-13, p. 19). The main 

 sources of Cassava products — described as **Mandioca or Tapioca 

 Jtlour " and *' Cassava Powder " and *' Tapioca " are Netherlands, 

 Java, Brazil and Straits Settlements, from whence a total in 1913 

 of 933,495 cwts — value £498,679, were imported (Trade of the 

 United Kinffdom, 1918, p. 100). . 



