CINEREOUS VULTURE. 9 
that he never found but one young bird in the nest; and, being 
always too late, he only got a single example of the egg, which was 
all the nest contained. Temminck also leaves out Bulgaria altogether 
as a European locality for this bird, which makes the accounts given 
us by Mr. Farman and Mr. Cullen more interesting and valuable. 
The birds begin to build in March, and Mr. Farman adds, "I have 
invariably seen the nest placed on a tree, and generally on one of 
no great size. The nest is generally placed about twenty feet from 
the ground." 
It does not follow, if the Cinereous Vulture builds on trees in 
Bulgaria, that it does the same in countries where trees are scarce and 
inaccessible rocks the rule. A late communication in "The Field" 
about the Kestrel, a well-known tree-breeder, building its nest in 
rocks, bears upon this subject. Jaubert, who in his "Richesses Orni- 
thologiques" gives a most beautiful figure of the bird, says nothing 
about the locality of the nest, but gives two as the number of eggs 
which the bird lays, and his description shows that he is familiar 
with the egg. He says the bird breeds in the Pyrenees. Temminck 
states in his Manual that the propagation of this bird was unknown, 
and it is, in fact, only during the last few years that its egg has 
been found in collections. Lord Lilford ("Ibis," vol. ii., N.S.), in one 
of his most interesting papers on the "Ornithology of Spain," describes 
the nest as situated on the top of one of the tallest pines, and as 
composed of "large boughs externally lined with twigs and a few 
fragments of wool/' This nest, and several others found by his 
lordship, contained a single young one. 
Lord Lilford also informs us that his collector, Manuel, has occa- 
sionally found two eggs in the nest. The following is from a paper 
by Lord Lilford ("Ibis," 1866, p. 389):— "The nest was situated 
at the top of one of the tallest pines, and was visible from some 
distance, with the male bird seated close to it. He allowed us to 
approach almost to the foot of the tree, and sailed off, apparently 
unhurt by a volley of our four barrels. Agapo was soon up to the 
nest, in which was a young bird about the size of a Dorking cock, 
which made strong demonstrations of hostility to the human form 
divine. Agapo, however, soon overcame his scruples, and lowered 
him tethered by the legs to the ground, where we received him with 
every attention. A more unsightly specimen of the great class Aves 
I never before beheld: he was covered with brownish grey down, 
with a bright pink cere, and very pale yellow legs and feet; part of 
the trachea of a sheep or goat, perfectly hard and dry, completely 
encircled one leg." 
vol. i. c 
