CASPIAN BIFASGIATEB EAGLE. 
RAPACES DlURN^E. 
FALCONID^J. 
Genus Aquila. (Brisson.) 
CASPIAN BIFASCIATED EAGLE. 
Aquila orien talis. 
Aquila orientalis, Cabanis. 
" bifasciata, Brooks. 
" clanga, Auct. nec Pallas. 
Specific Characters, furnished by Mr. Gurney. — Adult, back and scapulars 
dark brown, tinged with purplish on the lower portion of the scapulars; 
under parts, head and neck pale brown, except the crown of the head, which 
is dark brown; nape of neck more or less tinged with pale rufous; wings 
coloured as the scapulars, but paler about the shoulders; tertiaries barred 
with white on the inner webs, and on the outer web in some cases with 
white, and others with grey; tail dark grey with irregular transverse bars of 
a still darker grey. 
Immature bird. — Paler than the adult, and more uniform in colouring, with 
the exception of large spots of white or pale rufous at the tips of all the 
quill feathers except the primaries, which have only very small pale spots 
at the tips, and excepting also the tail feathers, which are broadly tipped 
with a similar pale tint. 
MEASUREMENT BY MR. DRESSER, IN INCHES. 
Culm. 
AVing. 
Tail. 
Tarsus. 
Adult male 
2-45 
21. 
10. s 
4.I 
Adult female 
2.8 
22.5 
12. I 
4.I 
Since the days of Pallas a large supposed Spotted Eagle has been 
known to naturalists under the specific name of Aquila clanga. About 
a year ago, however, Mr. Gurney, upon looking closely into the 
question, came to the conclusion that the bird indicated by Pallas 
was only a specimen of the "Spotted Eagle," {Aquila ncevia,) and 
proposed that the bird known as Clanga should be received as in fact 
a new species of Eagle under the name of Aquila orientalis, which 
