108 PALLAS' 8 SEA EAGLE. 
present day, the only question being whether they are right or not 
in considering it identical with H. macei of India." 
H. leucoryphus or macei, for we shall in this notice consider them 
identical, was first observed in Europe by that excellent naturalist 
Pallas, and was recorded by him in his "Zoography of Asiatic Prussia," 
vol. i., p. 852. He remarks that it was observed rarely in the vicinity 
of the Caspian, and that it nested in the woods surrounding that 
sea. He describes the bird minutely as being rather larger than the 
Spotted Eagle, and in habit between the Osprey and White-tailed 
Eagle. 
M. Eversmann again reports the occurrence of the same bird, as 
observed by him in his voyage to Bokhara. Schlegel gives not only 
Eversmann's description but his own from the same specimen, in 
which he describes the bird as having the "figure, beak, feet, and 
organization of H. macei." 
H. leucoryphus belongs to the section of Sea Eagles forming the 
genus Halicsetus of Savigny. Its home is the Indian continent, 
where it is common. Mr. Mc Clelland, in writing in the " Proceedings 
of the Zoological Society," in 1839, remarks of H. macei, "This Eagle 
preys on fish, and is particularly active during a storm, when it is 
found soaring over the lee shore, descending on such fishes as are 
driven into shallow water. During fine weather it spends the principal 
portion of its time on some high solitary bank quite motionless." And 
Mr. Hodges, in the "Bengal Sporting Magazine" for 1836, observes, 
"This species is generally found on the banks of the larger rivers, 
near to where they issue into the plains, and it preys on fish;" which 
quite agrees with the account given by Colonel Irby, of the Leucory- 
phou of the Crimea. 
Although in his Hand-list, Gray has separated the European and 
Indian form of these birds, I have adhered to the plan adopted in 
the first edition of uniting them, since Mr. Hume, our latest and one 
of our ablest writers upon the subject, agrees with Schlegel that Fulvi- 
ventris and Macei are identical with the European species. It is true 
there is a difference in size given by Schlegel, but as Mr. Hume 
observes, there is not much dependence to be placed upon the mea- 
surement of dry skins; with the exception of the colour of the feet and 
cere, Mr. Plume says my figure in the first edition was otherwise a very 
tolerable figure. Now this drawing was taken from an Indian specimen 
of II. macei in the Norwich Museum, but the measurements, it will 
be observed, as I have not altered them, arc very much the same as 
Schlegel's. 
Mr. Hume has given a long and interesting account of the habits of 
