296 NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAB XXIII. 1916. 



has a black back, is at least twice, as large, and has a very well-developed hind-toe 

 with claw. 



2. Under Larus marinus is, I should say correctly, quoted Larus maculatics 

 Boddaert, 1783 ; this name is based on Le Qrisard, Danbenton, pi. 266, therefore 

 the latter cannot have been published three years later, as stated by Saunders. 



3. Sterna grisea Horsfield is described on p. 199, not 190 (see p. 6). 



4. Sterna nubilosa Sparrman was published in 1788, not 1786 (see p. 18). 



5. Gelochelidon Brehm is described on p. 771, not 774 (see p. 25). 



6. In many places Saunders quoted names, which had already been used in 

 another sense, but without " nee . . . ," an omission which causes now a great deal 

 of unnecessary additional work, while it would have been very easy to add these two 

 words, as the writer was perfectly aware of the fact. In other cases he says 

 " nee ..'.," quoting the later author in connection with " nee," which is a mis- 

 leading and senseless way of quoting. 



7. Sterna senegalensis Swainson, 1837, is quoted as a synonym of both 

 Sterna fiuviatilis and Sterna macrura (pp. 57 and 64) ; the name refers to the 

 former, not to the latter. 



8. Sterna brachypus Swainson, 1837, is S. macrura {an potius paradisaea /), 

 but it appears on p. 252, not 152, as Saunders quoted. 



9. The young bird figured by Sjiarrman as " Larus polo-candor " (thus spelt !) 

 appears in the Museum Carlsonianum ii. fasc. 4 (not 3 !) which was published in 

 1789, not 1788 (seep. 70). 



10. Latham's Gen. Synopsis, Suppl. I. appeared in 1787, not 1757 (see p. 75). 



11. Larus nigrotis Lesson appears on p. 619, not 618 (see p. 175). 



12. Larus plumbiceps is described in the Zusätze to Meyer & Wolf's 

 Taschenbuch, not vol. iii., which does not exist (see p. 181). 



13. Larus brunnicephalus (sic !) appears on p. 225, not 25 (see p. 215). 



14. The name Larus genei Breme, Rev. Zool. annee 1839, p. 321, appeared in 

 1840 ; if it had appeared in 1839 it would of course have the priority over L. gelastes,. 

 a name which in 1838 was a clear nomen nudum ; fortunately it was diagnosed by 

 Keyserling & Blasius, Wirbelt. Eur. pp. xcv and 242, which probably appeared in 

 1840, so that we need not change it into genei (see p. 230). 



15. "La grande Mouette cendree" is figured on Daubenton's plate 977, 

 not 997. 



16. On p. 292 Saunders correctly quoted as a synonym of Larus glaucus 

 Brehm's L. medius of 1822, but on p. 296 he quoted the same author's L. minor as 

 a synonym of L. leucopterus. This is incorrect, because minor is merely a new 

 name for medius, as the description shows and a footnote explains. 



The above instances are not a list of all the errors in vol. xxv., but only a few 

 I noticed incidentally. The descriptions of Saunders appear often to be taken from 

 single specimens, as are those of Sharpe throughout the Cat. B. Brit. Mus., 

 therefore they do not fit every specimen, as galls vary a good deal. The keys are 

 sometimes difficult to work ; the description of Hydrochelidon leucoptera jnv. 

 on p. 5 does not fit the first plumage, and Larus minutus jnv. as well as 

 L. melanocephalus imm. (p. 170) should be in another section, as they do not 

 have a " black hood." 



