176 HYMENOPTERA. 



the female they are short, thick, and elbowed on the second 

 joint. The clypeus is large, irregnlarh' quadrilateral, becom- 

 ing shorter in. the lower genera, and the labrnm is small, 

 scarcely exserted, while the mandibles are, in the female es- 

 peciall}', large and broad. The prothorax is verj' square in 

 front. In the fore-wings are three subcostal spaces. The 

 abdomen in the typical genus (Scolia) is broad and flat, longer 

 than the rest of the body. The abdomen of Mutilla approaches 

 that of the Chrysididce in having the second ring much en- 

 larged over the others. The males usually have the anal 

 stylets very prominent, while the sting of the female is very 

 powerful. The body and legs are generall}^ very hirsute, and 

 the first tarsal joint is as long as the tibiie. 



The genus Sapyga is easily recognized by its smooth slender 

 body, being ornamented with yellow, with transverse bands on 

 the abdomen. The head is long, very convex in front, and 

 the antennse are clavate ; the prothorax is ver}'' broad, giving 

 an oblong appearance to the thorax. The legs are slender and 

 smooth. It is said to be parasitic, la3-ing its eggs in the cells 

 of Osmia. Sapyga Martinii of Smith is found northward. 



The species of Scolia are often of great size, being black 

 and very hirsute, with the labium composed of three linear di- 

 visions ; the abdomen alone being banded or spotted with 

 yellow on the sides. They are found in the hottest places 

 about strongly scented flowers. In Europe, Scolia bicincta 

 "makes its burrows in sand-banks, to the depth of sixteen 

 inches, with a very wide mouth;" and it is probable that the 

 nest is stored with grasshoppers. 



Scolia quaclrimaculata Fabr. is found in the Middle and 

 Southern States. The larva of Scolia Jfcivifyons was found by 

 Passerini to live in the bod}^ of the lamellicorn beetle, Oryctes 

 nasicornis. In Madagascar, Scolia oryctojjJiaga lives on 

 Oryctes simia, according to Coquerel. 



Professor Sumichrast states that at Tehuacan (Department 

 of Puebla) the Scolia Azteca Sauss. is very common ; and is 

 particularly abundant in the leather tanneries, which leads him 

 to think that the females of this species also deposit their eggs 

 under the epidermis of the larva which abounds in the tan. 



Tiphia is black throughout and rather hirsute. The antennae 



