2 1 2 HraiENOPTEE A . 



Galls are often found on the blackbcriy, tenanted bj' another 

 genus, DiastropJius, which has usually fifteen-jointed antennte 

 in the male, and one joint less in the female. On opening a 

 gall containing this fl}^, we often find an inquiline gall-fl}', 

 Aulax, "showing the most striking resemblance in size, color- 

 ing and sculpture, to the Diastrophus, their companion. The 

 one is the very counterpart of the other, hardly showing any 

 differences, except the strictly generic characters." (Osten 

 Sacken.) These galls are also infested by Chalcid parasites, 

 Callimome (two species), Ormyrus, and Eurytoma. 



Osten Sacken enumerates "eight c^mipidous galls on the dif- 

 ferent kinds of roses of this country." The flies all belong to 

 the genus BJiodites, which is distinguished by the under side 

 of the last abdominal segment being drawn out into a long 

 point, while the antennae are fourteen-jointed 

 in both sexes. B. rosce produces the hede- 

 guar gall ("from the Hebrew bedeguach, said 

 to mean rose-apple"). It was formerlj' used 

 as a medicine. The galls form a moss-like 

 mass, encircling the rose branch. Rhodites 

 ^'^^- dichlocerus of Harris (Fig. 143), produces 



hard, woody, irregular SAvellings of the branches. 



We now come to the second section, the Gtiest gall-flies (In- 

 quilinse), which are unable to produce galls themselves, as they 

 do not secrete the gall-producing poison, though possessing 

 a well developed ovipositor. Hence, like the Nomada, etc., 

 among bees, they_ are Cuckoo-flies, laying their eggs in galls 

 already formed. 



This group may generallj^, according to Mr, Walsh, be dis- 

 tinguished fi'om the preceding by the sheaths of the ovipositor 

 always projecting, more or less, be3'ond the "dorsal valve," 

 which is a small, hairy tubercle at the top of the seventh ab- 

 dominal segment. This dorsal valve also projects greatly. 

 In almost all the species, the ovipositor projects from between 

 the tips of the sheaths. 



Among the Inquiline genera are Synophrus, Amblynotus, 

 Synerges, and Aulax, which are guests of various species of 

 Cj'nipides. 



In Figites and allies (Figitid£e), the third section of the 



