PYRALID^. 331 



iiig at the least touch. It acquires a flesh-colored hue 

 prior to changing to a chrysalis, which it usually does just 

 within the leaf. Many which thus changed with me on the 

 21st of July, became moths on the 29th of the same month." 



To the genus Pliycita belongs the Apple leaf crumpler, or 

 P. nebulo of "Walsh, which in the West is known to strip the 

 trees of their early leaves. It draws the leaves together by a 

 web, and about the middle of June becomes fully grown, 

 when it closes up its horn-like case, and at the end of the 

 same month and earl}^ in July appears as a long, narrow-winged 

 moth, somewhat like Nephopteryx, but with broader fore wings. 



Nephopteryx is a genus with ver}^ narrow wings, with the 

 male antenna; sinuous at the base. It feeds on various trees, 

 while the larva of N. Edmandsii Pack. (Plate 3, fig. 2; 2 a, 

 larva ; 2&, pupa), feeds on the cells of the humble bee. 



The genus Pempelia closely resembles Nephopteryx. Our 

 most injurious species is the Gooseberry worm, which is unde- 

 scribed. It may be called the P. 

 grossularice (Fig. 254 ; a, cocoon) and 

 is allied to the European P. semiru- 

 hella. Though familiar with the in- 

 sect, and having raised the moth, our « Fig. 254. 

 specimens were too much rubbed for identification, and we are 

 indebted to Mr. Saunders of London, Canada, for very perfect 

 specimens of the moth, and notes regarding its habits, confirma- 

 tory of our own observations. The moth is pale gray, with a 

 dark, transverse, difi'use band on the inner third of the wing, 

 enclosing a zig-zag white line not reaching the costa. There is 

 a discal discoloration, and beyond, a white zig-zag line with a 

 long, very acute angle on the internal margin, and a row of 

 marginal black dots, while the apex is white, and the veins and 

 their branches white ; it expands nearly an inch. As soon 

 as gooseberries and currants are well formed, many turn pre- 

 maturely red and dull whitish, which is due to the presence 

 of a pale green, smooth worm, which, after eating out the inside 

 of one berry, leaving a hole for the passage of the excrement, 

 enters another berry making a passage-way of silk until it 

 draws together a bunch of currants, or two or three gooseber- 

 ries. During the last of June it pupates, while the moth does 



