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late; fistula single, elongate, without massive base. Sceleton: pri- 
mary fasciculi radiating from the base in parallel straight or slight- 
ly spiral lines; secondary fasciculi at right angles to the primary 
ones. Oscula congregated, with or without a marginal boundary 
to their area. A. aspergillum Ow. u.’a. 
Gen. n. Polymastia. Sceleton a basal mass; central por- 
tion consisting of a plexus of contorted anastomosing fasciculi, re- 
solving themselves near the surface into short straight bundles dis- 
posed at nearly right angles to the surface. Oscula congregated, 
elevated on numerous long fistulae. Fistulae composed of nume- 
rous parallel fasciculi, radiating from the base to the apex of each 
in straight or slightly spiral lines. Type: Halichondria fistularis Fl. 
Gen. n. Halyphysema. Sponge consisting of a hollow ba- 
sal mass which emanates a single cloacal fistula. Sceleton: spicula 
of the base disposed irregularly; spieula of the fistula disposed 
principally in lines parallel to the long axis of the sponge, without 
fasciculation. Type: H. Tumanowiezii n. sp., der kleinste Schwamm 
der englischen Küste, nicht grösser als 1. 
Gen.n. Ciocalyptra.. Sceleton composed of numerous clo- 
sed columns, each consisting of a central axis.of compact, irregu- 
larly elongated reticulated structure, from the surface of which‘ ra- 
diate, at about right angles, numerous short simple eylindrical pe- 
dicels, or stout fasciculi of closely packed spicula; the distal ends 
of each pedicel separating and radiating in numerous curved lines, 
which spread over the inner surface of the dermal membrane, se- 
parating and sustaining it at all parts, at a considerable distance 
from the central axis of the seeleton. Sp.n..C. penicillus. . 
Tethea Lam. Sponge massive, suborbieular. Sceleton consi- 
sting of faseieuli ‘of spieula. Fascieuli radiating from a basal or 
excentrical point to the surface. Intermarginal cavities unsymme- 
trical, confiuent. Propagation by internal gemmulation. (Scheint in 
der Fassung unseres Verf. ausser den echten Tetheen auch andere 
rindenlose Arten zu: enthalten.) 
Gen.n. Halicnemia. Sceleton formed of a single superior 
stratum of spicula radiating from the eentre‘to the eircumference 
of the sponge at about its middle, and of an inferior stratum of 
spieule distributed without ordre. 2 Arten. 
Gen. n. Dietyocylindrus. Sceleton without fibre, 'compo- 
sed of a loosely compacted axis of spicula, disposed prineipally in 
the direction of the line of the axial column, from which a peri- 
pherical system of long single or faseiculated defensive spieula ra- 
diate at right angles to the axial.column. Type: Hal. damicornis 
Mont. (= Axinella Schm.). 
