30 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



Many years ago, probably about 1856 or 1857, the Cabbage Butterfly, Pieris rapes 

 (Fig. 3), was introduced about Quebec, and possibly also again about 1891, since which 

 time it has spread westward and southward until it now extends from the Atlantic to the 

 Pacific and nearly to the Gulf of Mexico, even its 



numerous parasites not being able to entirely pre- *V.. /*" 



vent its ravages. The Codling Moth, Carpocapsa 

 pomonella, was in all probability first introduced 

 into the United States, but Canada has as you all 

 know sustained her full share of injury from its 

 ravage?. These two species have been brought to our 

 shores from the mother country, and they are by no 

 means the only ones that have been introduced from 

 Europe or Palsearctic regions, and, I fear, those ^J* 1 ^ 



that we now have with us will not be the last to 

 come this way. The latest and most serious introduction of all, the San Jose scale, 

 Aspidiotus perniciosus, is in all probability another contribution from the Palfeirctic 

 region, as I have been able to prove almost conclusively that it came to us from Japan, 

 and we therefore received it from the west instead of the east. Recent experiences are 

 amply sufficient to show that it will destroy the orchards of Canada as well as those of 

 the United States, within whose domains it first made its unwelcome appearance. 



The foregoing illustrations will certainly be sufficient to convince anyone that we 

 cannot by simple Legislative or Parliamentary enactment erect a Chinese wall, so to 

 speak, that shall keep Canadian insects, whether native or introduced from making their 

 way into the United States, or similar species escaping from the latter into Canada. We 

 in the United States are more likely to import more insect pests than you, and, owing to 

 our geographical situation, will suffer most from their depredations, bub, put the matter 

 as we will, we are much in the position of a large family threatened with an attack of 

 some contagious disease ; if one member contracts it all will be alike exposed, and to 

 attempt prevention by individual isolation, will result in no end of trouble and aggrava- 

 tion without accomplishing the end desired, precisely as we have found our State laws to 

 do. What we need, primarily, is an international quarantine measure that shall apply 

 uniformly to all North America. A judicious, properly enforced measure that shall 

 mean the same from the mouth of the St. Lawrence to the mouth of the Eio Grande, and 

 from there to Vancouver or the mouth of the- Yukon, and as far beyond as is found 

 necessary. It is all very well for your Canadian law-makers to say that it is none of 

 Canada's affair what is done in the United States, and our politicians will make the same 

 plea, but we who are continually dealing with these problems of nature know better I 

 We know that there is a power higher than that of our combined nations, that rules 

 these natural elements, which power we cannot control, but, may ^oft' times utilise to our 

 advantage. International entomology and international insect legislation are matters 

 that we are being confronted with for the first time — matters of the future rather than 

 of the past — but the next century will see them brought to the front. There will arise 

 important questions which must be settled calmly, judiciously and justly, and entomo- 

 logists must be ready to advise and counsel in these matters. The Entomological Society 

 of Ontario ought and will have its influence in solving these international problems, as 

 these come up one after another for solution and in accordance with nature's unyielding 

 laws. I look for the time to come, and in the comparatively near future, when these 

 matters will become far more important factors in international law than they are at pre- 

 sent, as, indeed it seems impossible that the situation can be otherwise. 



If we look about over the world at the present time, we find Cape Colony prohibit- 

 ing the importation of all American nursery stock, whether from the United States or 

 Canada. Several European nations have gone even farther and attempted to prohibit 

 American green fruits from being brought within their respective domains. Queensland 

 quarantines against New Zealand, South Australia against New South Wales, and Tas- 

 manian fruit is condemned and destroyed in Melbourne; British Columbia destroys infested 

 fruit from the United States as well as from other parts of British America, while 



