1899] ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 61 



That Nature has done her work well, it is sufficient to state that the hedge never 

 looked better than at present. Later shoots have appeared, and a stranger could scarcely 

 tell that an insidious pest had started to work there in the spring. 



Professors Fernald and Cooley, of Amherst, issued a bulletin on Ghermes abietis 

 during the winter. As the observations of the life history of the Spruce Gall Louse at 

 Gaelph correspond very closely with those of Fernald and Oooley, a synopsis of the life- 

 history is here given : 



Summer Brood : 



1. — In early spring — white woolly mass containing about 300 eggs, on new shoots. 



2. — Eggs hatch in about one week, and nymphs settle in bases of young shoots. 



3. — Three moults ; antennae of 3 segments. 



4. — About Aug. 10, winged adults — females — appear, antennae of 5 'segments. 



5. — Two days later eggs (40) are laid covered with a woolly secretion near tip of leaf. 



6. — Eggs hatch in two weeks. 



Winter Brood : 



7. — Nymphs, antennae of 3 segments, spread over limbs near by, some attaching 

 themselves to leaves, some at axils. 



8. — Pass winter at base of buds, nearly all killed. 



9. — About April 20, moulting begins, and nymphs grow very rapidly, secreting a 

 copious woolly coating. 



10. — Eggs are laid about May 1-10, and females soon die. 



References : 



1844. Eatzeburg — Forest Insects — p. 200. 



1869. Packard— Guide to the Study of Insects— p. 522. 



1876. Thomas — Transactions Illinois Hort. Soc. — p. 198. 



1881. Ormerod — Manual of Injurious Insects — p.p 240-244. 



1888. Comstock — Introduction to Entomology — p. 160. 



1890. Packard— Forest Insects— p. 853. 



Buckton — British Aphides, vol. IV. — p. 31. 



1896. Oholoikowaki— Z3olog. anzeig, Jan. 1896— p. 37. 



1898. Brodie — Bureau of Forestry, Ont. Dep. Ag. — The Spruce Gall-Louse, 



1898. Fernald and Cooley — The Spruce Gall-Louse. 



Lygasonematus ( Nematus) Erichsonii (Larch Saw Fly.) On June l&t many adult 

 females were observed ovipositing on the underside of the stems of the terminal shoots 

 of the larch or tamarack. 



During oviposition the female hangs head downwards, and the eggs are laid in in? 

 cisions on the under side of the axis of the terminal shoots. (Fig. 9, a). 



The slits in which the eggs were placed very closely were made in two rows. The 

 eggs were of a glassy white color and spindle-shaped. 



On June 5th but few females were found. The axis of tie shoots on which the 

 eggs had been laid were turning brown, and were bending, owing to the death of the 

 tissues in the region of the slits. 



Three days later (June 8th) minute larvae varying from | to J of an inch in length 

 were found. Their heads and the six true lfgs were slirirg pt-black. The Ian re have, 

 the habit of curling their tails over their backs vvhtnever disturbed. 



