CONTRIBUTIONS TO INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY, NO. 2: 
SC FOSSILS OF THE WESTERN STATES AND TER; 
By C. A. WHITE, M. D. 
The present article is a continuation of the one entitled Contributions 
to Invertebrate Paleontology, No. 1 (and bearing the same sub-title), 
which was published in the Annual Report of this Survey for 1877. The 
material upon which this article is based, like that which formed the 
basis of the former one just referred to, has been collected by different 
persons from Cretaceous strata, at different and widely-separated locali- 
ties in the western portion of the national domain. 
In connection with the establishment of this series of illustrated ar- 
ticles, under the general title of “‘ Contributions to Invertebrate Paleon- 
tology,” the hope was entertained that the subjects which they should 
involve might be treated philosophically and somewhat exhaustively ; 
and that upon those subjects some important generalizations, both 
stratigraphical and zodlogical, might be based. Circumstances required 
the publication of the former article without an opportunity for satis- 
factory discussion of the subjects which properly pertained to the fossil 
forms described and figured therein; and the abolishment by act of 
Congress of this Survey, as at present organized, without affording an 
opportunity to pursue any further studies in the field before its publi- 
cations must cease, makes it necessary to publish this material, as well 
as that of the two following articles, in a similarly unsatisfactory man- 
ner with that of the first. The main object of this series of articles as 
originally planned has therefore not been attained, but as none of the 
Species embraced in any of them have ever before been illustrated, an 
important object will have been accomplished by the illustration of so 
considerable a number of species as is here represented by figures of 
typical specimens. 
A part of the species embraced in this article were published in differ- 
ent reports of the Survey by Mr. Meek, before his death; a part of them 
by the writer, in the Bulletin of the Survey and the Proceedings of the 
National Museum; and the remainder are here published for the first 
time. The greater part of the fossils were collected by persons connected 
with this Survey, but a part of them have been sent to the office of the 
Survey and the National Museum by private parties. Among these are 
the two corals which are first noticed on the following pages, and Pinna’ 
lakesti, which is described on a subsequent page. These three species 
were included in a collection of fossils which was sent for examination 
to the oftice of the Survey by Mr. Arthur Lakes, who collected them 
from the Cretaceous strata on Fossil Creek, 16 miles westward from 
Greeley, and 6 miles southward from Fort Collins, Colo. These two corals 
present so conspicuously a Paleozoic facies that it is proper to call 
especial attention to their stratigraphical position. Mr. Lakes’s known 
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