WHITE. ] CARBONIFEROUS FOSSILS. 159 
Genus LITHOSTROTION Fleming. 
LITHOSTROTION MICROSTYLUM (sp. DOV.). 
Plate 40, fig. 7 a. 
Among the fossils obtained by Professor Broadhead from the top of 
the Chouteau limestone, a member of the Kinderhook division of the 
Subcarboniferous series, at Sedalia, Mo., are five species of corals, four of 
which are new. [our of them have just been herein described, and the 
remaining one is here noticed. Only one example of this species was 
obtained, which is silicified, and otherwise too imperfect for complete 
description, but it evidently belongs to the genus Lithostrotion, and is 
evidently a new form. The corallum is ten or twelve centimeters across 
the top, and in general aspect and in size and shallowness of the coral- 
lites resembles examples of the well-known Devonian coral Acervularia 
davidsoni. The calyces have, however, in the bottom of the small cen- 
tral pit, a very small prominent columella. The example is too imper- 
fect for a full specific description, but it is found to differ materially from 
any other species of Lithostrotion with which it isin any danger of being 
confounded in the flatness or shallowness of the calyces, the smallness 
of the central pit, and of the columella. 
Corals have hitherto been frequently met with in the Burlington, 
Keokuk, and Saint Louis divisions of the Subcarboniferous series of the 
Mississippi Valley, but with the exception of Lithostrotion mamillare, 
which is in some places plentiful, and found only in the Saint Louis 
division, they have been confined mainly to the Zaphrentide. In 
the upper and lower members of the Subcarboniferous series, however, 
namely in the Kinderhook and Chester divisions, Actinoid corals of any 
kind have hitherto been rarely found. The discovery, therefore, of four 
new forms in the Kinderhook division is a matter of much interest. 
This interest is also increased by the fact that they are all of types which 
are unusual in at least American Carboniferous strata; and although 
there is no a priori reason why the presence of these types might not be 
expected in Carboniferous strata, according to our present knowledge 
such a group of corals is not without a certain Devonian facies. It is 
also an interesting fact that these corals occupy a very narrow horizon 
at the top of the Kinderhook division, just beneath the Burlington lime- 
stone, and that in all the remainder of the Kinderhook division corals 
are rare, if not altogether absent. This coral horizon seems to be a well- 
marked one; and from the fact that the only corals which have yet 
been found in that division in Iowa and Illinois occupy an exactly sim- 
ilar horizon with that here referred to in Missouri, it will probably 
prove to be one of considerable geographical extent. Up to this time 
the following ten species of corals have been found in that horizon in 
Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois: Zaphrentis calceola and Z. acuta White & 
Whitfield; Z. elliptica White; Chonophyllum sedaliense n.s.; Syringopora 
harveyi White; Favosites (Michilinia?) divergens White & Whittield ; 
Michilinia placenta n.s.; M. expansan. s.; Lepidopora typa Winchell; 
and Lithostrotion microstylum n. s. 
LITHOSTROTION MAMILLARE Castelnau. 
Plate 40, figs. 6 a and b. 
An example of this well-known coral from the Saint Louis division of 
the Sub-arboniferous series in Monroe County, Indiana, contains three 
