BT. JOHN. | SECTION IN WARM SPRING CREEK CANON. Dt 
in the talus slopes at foot of cafion walls. In the high erest of the sedi- 
mentary foreland ridge to the south this horizon recurs, where it shows 
ledges of even-bedded, dark-drab weathered limestone. 
No. 4. Buff weathered limestone, probably magnesian, holding a strat- 
igraphical position inferior to the Carboniferous, and doubttully referred 
to the Niagara, forms castellated cliffs towards upper end of ¢aion. 
No. 5. Heavy ledge of grayish-buff, red-stained limestone, separated 
from the preceding and overlying ledges by narrow talus slopes. 
No. 6. Gray, drab, and dirty-buff weathered limestone, with which 
cherty bands are associated, dip 20° + northeasterly ; forms a heavy 
ledge rising up into promontory overlooking the upper basin of Warm 
Spring Creek. 
No. 7. Heavy deposit of buff magnesian limestone interbedded with 
drab limestone and chert, overlaid by fragmentary, fine-grained, drab- 
buff, cherty limestone, with a prominent band of deep-red sandstone and 
sandy shales several feet in thickness, dip 15° to 20° northeastwardly. 
The lower limestone layers contain Carboniferous forms of Athyris, &c. 
No. 8. Buff, pink, and reddish stained sandstone, of variable hard- 
ness, with obliquely laminated layers, forming a heavy deposit, of which, 
however, only about one hundred feet thickness is exposed in bluffs on 
right bank of the creek below the cation. This horizon belongs to the 
middle member of the Carboniferous series. 
No. 9. Gray limestone layers, with Produotus, Spirifer, &c., overlaid 
by rusty-brown weathered, indurated, argillaceous beds, passing up into 
light-drab partially indurated clays, all imperfectly exposed exhibitions 
of upper Carboniferous horizons, including the Permo-Carboniferous ar- 
gillaceous deposits above. 
No. 10. Triassic “red beds,” consisting of more or less indurated red 
arenaceous shales and sandstones, with thin bands of gray sandstone 
appearing in terrace along south side of Wind River, where the edges. 
of the moderately tilted strata have been evenly planed off, upon which 
rests a Quaternary deposit, cemented by calcareous infiltrations from 
adjacent springs into a sort of conglomerate, in places 30 feet thick. 
No. 11. Calcareous tufa, in places holding water-worn drift pebbles 
formed by ancient springs, and crowning benchesat various levels along 
the mountain-foot south side of Wind River Valley. 
No. 12. Caleareous tufa arch spanning the stream in the cation, origin 
same as above deposits. 
No attempt was made to secure measurements of the thickness of the 
various members described in the above section, though they appear to 
conform in all respects to the same series as met with along this side of 
the range to the southeast, where their appearance will be noted in de- 
tail farther on. The section is reproduced here because it is the most 
northerly locality where the complete Paleozoic series is revealed to 
view, displaying a connected section from base to top along the course 
of this wild and picturesque mountain gorge. The geological examina- 
tions were carried along the brink of the north wall of the canon, from 
which the general geologic structure, as displayed in the opposite canon 
wall, could be most satisfactorily made out, and which may in a measure 
compensate for the lack of stratigraphic details, which are not to be ac- 
quired in the course of a hasty visit. 
From Warm Spring Creek all along the east front of the range the 
Paleozoic formations present a uniform and rather steep foreland ac- 
clivity, culminating in the before-mentioned outer mountain ridge, the 
crest of which attains an altitude ranging from 10,000 to 11,000 feet. 
The slope, which always closely conforms in inclination to the dip of the 
