st. JOHN.) PALAOZOIC AND MESOZOIC VICINITY TORREY’S CREEK. 239 
g. Gray even and thin-bedded pure limestone, 2 feet + ; dip, 15° 
N. 39° E. 
h. Yellow marly clays with light shaly layers, 20 feet +. 
i. Very hard, rusty-buif weathered, gray limestone, with gritty layers 
aires small pebble and calcite, ‘and thin odlitic layers above, 5 
feet +, exposed. 
A profile of the mountain flank at this locality is given in an accom- 
panying plate of illustrations, in which the above-mentioned strati- 
graphic features are presented with an approximation to accuracy, to- 
gether with exhibitions of Quaternary and modern spring deposits, 
which latter will be noticed in the following chapter under the head of 
Wind River Valley. 
Below the above-mentioned locality, on the south side of the river, the 
Triassic “red beds” appear in quite extensive surface exposures, ex- 
tending down along the stream to a point opposite Horse Creek, reach- 
ing back perhaps a mile to the foot of the mountains. The locality 
derives much interest from the fact of its exhibiting the Jura-Trias pas- 
sage beds. This horizon is here seen to be made up of the following 
strata : 
a. Greenish-ochery sandy beds and variegated chocolate-red arenaceous 
clays, 50 to 100 feet + in thickness, resting upon typical Triassic “red 
beds.” 
b. Soft light or buff sandstones, 100 to 200 feet. 
c. Marly clays and thin beds of limestone with Jurassic fossils. 
The inferior limestone bed of the Jura in places forms the capping 
ledge of low, broad-based buttes in the denuded Mesozoic area on the 
south side of the river. The sandstone b of the above section appears 
in the river bluff on the same side lower down, where it shows 50 to 60 
feet of its upper portion. It is here immediately overlaid by 5 feet or 
more of brick-red clays, upon which rest a thickness of 7 feet of greenish- 
drab nodular calcareous clays, capped by a3 to 4 foot ledge of drab, frag- 
mentary, brecciated limestone, the strata inclining northeastwardly at 
an angle of 7° to 10°. 
Below the mouth of Horse Creek the south-side terrace is covered by 
morairic bowlder deposits, thence to a.point below Torrey’s Creek, on the 
eastern boundary of the district, only meager rock exposures cropping 
out here and there. Such an one appears in the terrace bluffs on the 
lower side of Torrey’s Creek where it joins Wind River, showing a lim- 
ited exposure of gray or buff, rusty-weathered, friable, even- bedded 
sandstone, with firmer calcareous layers, dipping 50° about N. 65° E. 
The calcareous layers contain a small Rho ynchonella, probably referable 
to a Jurassic form. After leaving the mountains, in its passage across 
the drift-covered terraces on the way to join Wind River, no rock expo- 
sures were observed on Torrey’s Creek, with perhaps the exception of 
limited outcrops of “red beds.” This stream also deeply penetrates the 
mountains, its passage across the great sedimentary outer mountain 
ridge being marked by a profound cleft, through which an immense 
amount of morainic materials was borne by the glacier that once flowed 
down this gorge. In the debouchure of the valley two or more beautiful 
little lakes occur, Which are doubtless of glacial origin. 
Above Torrey’s Creek a couple of miles, Jakes Creek gains Wind 
River. The terrace course of this stream is much like the former, but 
two or three miles above its mouth the Triassic “red beds” appear in 
bluff exposures along the north side and just without its debouchure 
from the mountains. The lower portion of the cafon cuts the uplifted 
Paleozoic formations to their foundation, the upper seven or eight miles 
