268 REPORT UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 
more dense than the modern formations, though, so far as the evidence 
goes, it is difficult to assign these more ancient deposits a definite relative 
date as compared with the giacial drift. 
in a preceding page has been mentioned the occurrence of the par- © 
tially-cemented gravels in the first high bench bordering Wind River on 
the south for several miles below the narrows above Warm Spring Creek. 
These ancient gravel beds appear to have been intimately associated 
with the spring deposits, and if, as is inferred, these old bench deposits 
antedate the glacial drift, it removes a part of the tufaceous limestone 
formations to a remote period as compared with the similar deposits 
whose accumulation by accessions of living springs has not ceased. Of 
the latter deposits frequent occurrences were met with in ravines trav- 
ersing the benches opposite Horse Creek confluence, and in the border- 
ing blufis, resting upon the Triassic “ red beds,” the terrace conglomerate 
reappears. It is here made up of limestone, sandstone, and metamorphic 
pebbles, usually firmly cemented by calcareous matter, forming an exten- 
sive deposit rising up to the foot of the mountain and spread out over 
ancient terrace levels. In comparatively recent times the bench slopes 
have been subjected to erosion, which has, in some instances, at this lo- 
cality, isolated the conglomerate sheet in the midst of the barred “red. - 
bed” surfaces. Below this the morainal deposits, distributed by the 
Jake’s Creek glacier, are encountered, and which are piled up on the 
earlier terraces in irregular ridges, completely masking the subjacent 
deposits. 
In the mouth of Jake’s Creek Cation, Mr. Perry visited some interest- 
ing and extensive spring deposits which are still in process of formation. 
The springs have built up cones rising in the midst of platforms that 
were formed in the earlier stages of their flow. The water had a tem- 
perature of 68° F., that of the atmosphere 44° (2d October). 
Between Torrey’s Creek and Campbell’s Fork perhaps even more ex- _ 
tensive exhibitions of conglomerate and tufaceous limestone deposits 
are met with, the prevalent conditions being the same as noted in the 
region opposite HorseCreek. The Red Cafion occurrences may be taken 
as typical of the others found in the latter quarter. Here, upon old 
terraces moulded in the “red beds,” heavy deposits of conglomerate and 
tufacecus limestones occur, interbedded. These deposits were noticed 
in detail in the section of the rocks occurring in the mountain flank at 
this locality, given in a preceding page and accompanying plate of illus-- 
trations. The deposits measured about 60 feet, the members locally’ 
varying in thickness. It consists of, below, (16 a) variegated clays, 5 
feet +, resting upon the uneven surface of the Triassic “red beds,” 
and forming the floor upon which the succeeding beds were deposited ; 
(16 b) conglomeratic bed, 10 to 15 feet, composed of pebbles of various 
kinds of rock occurring in the adjacent mountain, alternating with 
coarse sandy red clays, more or less local; (16¢) tufaceous limestone, 
varying from rather compact to porous laminated or thin-bedded rock, 
with calcite concretions, interbedded with layers of pebbles above and 
below, attaining a thickness of 50 to 55 feet, locally. The deposit. is 
quite variable throughout, in places the conglomeritic character prevail- 
ing. The pebbles consist chiefly of water-worn limestone fragments, 
with fewer sandstone and metamorphic pebbles. The deposit conforms 
to the surface contour of pre-existing sloping benches upon which it was 
laid down in an uninterrupted sheet. ‘this character is clearly shown 
in the natural sections along the streams and over the denuded Triassic 
area lying between the mountains and Wind River, where tufaceous and 
conglomeritic beds are seen at two or more levels rising up on the foot 
