PACKARD.] MORPHOLOGY OF PHYLLOPODA. 389 
eggs in place in the different genera of the family. On account of its 
holding or keeping the eggs in place, this portion of the flabellum may 
be ealled the oviger. These ovigers are best developed functionally near 
the end of the body, the eggs being grouped near the end of the dorsal 
edge of the shell. 
In Hstheria the gnathobase (Plate V, figs. 6, 7 cl!, 7a) of the anterior 
beenopods is rather more complicated than in Limnetis. Fig. 7a repre- 
' sents one highly magnified. The inner edge is beset with rather stiff 
simple setz, while those on the outer edge are thick at base, beyond 
slender and setulose. Similar hairs are seen on the gills (flabella) of the 
Ostracoda (Cypris, &c.) and in the endopodal as well as the exopodal 
portion of the feet of the Cladocera (Daphnia, &c.). 
In Estheria the second, third, and fourth endites are equal in size, 
while the fifth is long and narrow, and the sixth shorter and broader, 
scalloped on the inner edge; the gillislarge, the oviger long and narrow, 
while the lower lobe of the flabellum (br’’) exactly repeats in form the 
sixth endite. 
In Eulimnadia (Plate VI) the female endites 2-5 are quite equal in size 
and appearance while the sixth is finger-shaped in outline, like the end 
of the flabellum, and the gill (br) is very large. The hand of the male 
differs from that of Hstheria in lacking the thumb-like growth on the 
fourth endite (en*); while the diminutive flabellum (br/’) does not reach 
to the base of the fourth endite, and the dorsal end of the flabellum is 
rudimentary. 
Turning now to the first male benopod of Limnetis, while the exite 
and their basal endites have undergone no modification, the three outer 
endites are curiously changed into a hand-like organ. The fourth 
endite is along and broad lobe, with two rows of short, basally stout 
sete. This lobe we call the comb or pecten (Plate HU, fig. 2; Plate I, 
fig.5). From the distal end arises athumb-likemoveable process provided 
externally with sete. The fifth endite is modified into a curved fore- 
finger-like process with a few terminal sete opposing the thumb; while 
the sixth endite forms a still longer and much larger finger, which is bent 
upon the entire hand and is not setose. These lobes arise from a distal 
chitinous specialized portion, which may be called the hand or manus, 
with its two “ fingers” opposing the “thumb.” 
The second pair of benopods are in Hstheria and Hulimnadia modified 
in the same manner (Plate V, fig. 6); the chief difference being the 
narrower fourth endite, whose set are broad, stout, lancet-like (Plate 
XXV, fig. 3b). In the second pair of feet of Hstheria the fifth endite 
differs from that of the first pair, and also thesingle pair of Limnetis, 
in being two-jointed (Plate XXV, fig. 3a, I’); the end of the distal joint 
being slightly bulbous. 
Claus represents the sixth endite or “claw” of Limnadia stanleyana 
from Australia as bearing a sucking disc; a similar disc occupies the 
same position in Limnadia africana Brauer and L.mauritiana Guerin. 
it thus seems to occur in certain species of Limnadia, but not in the 
American genus Hulimnadia. 
Purning now to the appendages of the Apodida, we find it compara- 
tively easy to homologize the different parts with those of the Limna- 
diade, though, as a whole, the apodid foot is the most peculiar, su? 
generis, of any phyllopods. The limbs of the European Apus have been 
studied with care by Professor Lankester in his paper on the appendages 
and on the nervous system of Apus cancriformis; and he has briefly 
compared them with the published drawings of other phyllopods, as 
well as of the Decapods. He regards the axial portion of the limb of 
