472 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES. 
strong evaporation after continued drought, the salt water then rapidly 
reaching a high concentration. 
I have yet to add afew words on the geographical position of the lake 
and the salt-water ditches inhabited by Artemia salina. 
Two great salt lakes, the Hadschibei and the Kujalnitzky, are situated 
about 7 or 9 versts from Odessa towards Nikolajeff. These two lakes 
(Kussian, limane) were formerly two broad river entrances and ocean 
bays, into which two rivers formerly poured. 
At present these two small draining rivers no more deserve their 
names. The ‘limanes” were subsequently cut off from the sea by broad 
stretches of sand, the Peresippe, and were transformed into salt lakes. 
Only in the lower part of the Kujalniker-Limane, separated by an 
artificial embankment from the upper part for the purpose of obtainjng 
salt, is the salt deposited. 
The Hadschibei-Limane showed with my areometer 5° B. as the low- 
est and 12° B. as the highest concentration. 
The salt-water ditches: are distributed over the saline soil in ane neigh- 
borhood of the lake, situated between the lakes and the seashore along 
the Peresippe to near the city of Odessa. 
In the various ditches occurs salt water of various fecettics from 
nearly fresh water up to water of 5° Beaumé. 
Only the more salty ditches of 4° to 5° B. are inhabited by a (ziem- 
lich ausgebildet) developed form of Artemia salina, often associated with 
Branchipus spinosus. In less saline ditches occurs Branchipus ferox and 
Branchipus medius. 
Similar results, as regards the evolution of the form, I have also 
obtained from Daphnia, Cy clops, and Canthocamptus, and I promise to 
soon publish these investigations. 
REMARKS.—1. I have especially endeavored in the above writings to 
draw attention to the fact that in domesticating Artemia salina in 
gradually diluted salt water, after several generations and at a pro- 
gressive development, I obtained a form presenting the most important 
morphological characters of the genus Branchipus, so that such a form 
was at one time regarded by me as a new species of Branchipus. 
The principal generic characters of Branchipus I regard as the nine 
apodous postabdominal segments. 
Although we obtain in progressively domesticating Artemiw the 
characters of the genus Branchipus, and although, also, the other char- 
acters change in the direction toward Branchipus, such an artificially 
domesticated Artemia, for many reasons and marks of distinction, can 
only be considered as a lower form of a Branchipus, representing, con- 
sequently, a transitory form from Artemia toward Branchipus, aud an 
intermediate form between these two genera. Such a form can also be 
looked at as a prototype or radical type of these two genera. 
2. An important circumstance is that in those Branchipus observed 
by me, a few bristles are distributed in a circle around each: post- 
abdominal segment just before the articulation, and that in Artemia 
such bristles occur also in a circle at a little above the middle of the 
last postabdominal segment. I mentioned above that in Branchipus 
each such bristle arises out of the middle of a complex of dentate 
spines, which are of very large size in the male of Branchipus spinosus. 
I find it necessary to add that I found such dentate spines in both 
sexes of the species of Branchipus examined by me only on the ventral 
side of the postabdominal segment just before the articulation, at which 
location they could be plainly seen. It is well known that in the male 
