LITERATURE. xliii 



" I have also added wliat is known of the remaining species of the genus, both with a view to make this 

 monograph as perfect as possible, etc." Thus we have the following synonyms : — 



For Hirundo rustica 



Hirundo caminicola (p. 3). 

 For Hirundo urbica 



Hh-undo domestica, H. agrestis. and H. fenestrala. 

 For Hirundo apus 



Aptis major, Hirundo Cypselus major, and Cypselus niger (p. QV 

 For Hirundo riparia 



Hirundo arenaria (p. 11). 

 For Hirundo tahitica 



Hirundo acrulea (p. 12). 



Hirundo philippenensis (p. 12) =11. panayana (quoted as a synonym). 

 For Hirundo fasciata 



Hirundo ripicola, H.fluvialis (p. 13). 

 For Hirundo ambrosiaca 



Hirundo cinerascens (p. 14), H. marina indigena. 

 For Hirundo rupestris 



Hirundo rupicola (p. 14). 

 For Hirundo tapcra 



Hirundo americana (p. 15) . 



Many of these synonyms are not quoted by us in the body of the work, but they deserve attention. 

 Forster still keeps the Pratincole as a species of Hirundo (p. 16), and then follows an essay " On the 

 winter retreat of the Swallow Tribe in general " (pp. 19-29), and another chapter entitled "Direct 

 Evidence tending to establish the annual Submersion of Swallows" (pp. 29-32) ; still another on " Direct 

 Evidence of the Migration of Swallows" (pp. 32-40), and finally "Opinions of Writers in different 

 Ages " (pp. 40-50). Then follows a list of British Birds, with the species indicated which adorned the 

 collection of " E. Forster, jun., of Clapton." 



1817. PoRSTER, T. Synoptical Catalogue of British Birds, intended to identify tli(> 

 species mentioned by different names in several catalogues already extant ; 

 forming a book of reference to observations on British Ornitholo"T. 8vo. 

 London, 1817. Pp. 61. [Plate of Strix scops, head and foot.] 



The occasion of this publication was the issue of Dr. Leaches ' Catalogue,' with much of which 

 Forster did not agree, and he published his ' Synoptical Catalogue ' to make things easier for the 

 student. " I do not pretend to knowlcMlge enough of Ornithology in general, to determine w liicli nl' the 

 two arrangements is the best for Birds universally" (Preface, p. iv). Yet, after confessing his ignorance, 

 he bestows names on the Swallows, for the rejection of which xinfortunatcly tlierc seems no rule at 

 present. In the "Catalogue and Generic Division of British Birds " Q'- 13) he calls the British 

 Swallows by the following names (p. 55) : — 



128. Clii'liilon jirornc. Cliininey Swiillow. 



129. Hirundo nrbicu. Common Martlet. 



130. Clivicula europica. Sand ^lartin. 



7-' 



