West-Sibir, p. 40 (1879) ; BogdanotiF, B. Cauc. p. 117 (1879) ; Wardlaw Ramsay, 

 Ibis, 1880. p. 48 ; Kadde, Orn. Cauc. p. 36 (1884). 



Hinmdo rupicola, Hodgs. J. A. S. Beng. v. p. 781 (1836). 



Biblis rupestris, Less. Compl. BufT. viii. p. 495 (1837) ; Degl. et Gerbe, Orn. Eur. i. 

 p. 597 (1867); Doderl. Avif. Sicil. p. 147 (1869); Salvad. Elench. Ucc. Ital. p. 83 

 (1887); Olphe-Galliard, Contr. Eaun. Orn. Eur. Oecid. fasc. xxii. p. 84 (1887). 



Hirundo inornata, Jerd. Madr. Journ. xiii. p. 173 (1844). 



Ptyonoprogne rupestris, Reiclienb. Syst. Av. pi. Ixxxvii. fig. 6 (1850) ; Loche, Expl. 

 Sci. Algc'r., Ois. ii. p. 68 (1867); Swinli. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 317; Hume, Nests & 

 Eggs Ind. B. p. 84 (1873) ; id. Str. F. 1873, p. 2 ; Scully, Str. F. iv. p. 131 (1876) ; 

 Fairb. t. c. p. 254 ; David & Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 129 (1877); Butler, Cat. B. Sind 

 etc. p. 13 (1879) ; id. Cat. B. S. Bomb. Pres. p. 14 (1880) ; Terry, Str. F. x. p. 469 

 (1887) ; Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 273 (1890) ; id. ed. Hume's Nests & 

 Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 184 (1890). 



Coflle rupestris, Gray, Hand-1. B. i. p. 73. no. 872 (1869) ; Butler, Str. F. iii. p. 453 

 (1875); Hume, t. c. p. 453, note; Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 48; Biddulpb, 

 Ibis, 1881, p. 47 ; Giglioli, t. c. p. 192 ; Scully, t. c. p. 427 ; Dixon, Ibis, 1882, p. 561 ; 

 Seebohm, Ibis, 1883, p. 22 ; Severtz. t. c. pp. 70, 81 ; Irby, t. c. p. 183 ; Tristr. 

 Faun. & Flor. Palest, p. 62 (1884) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1884, p. 275 ; Whitehead, 

 Ibis, 1885, p. 27; Eeid, t. c. p. 244; Sbarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 109 (1885); 

 Zarudn. Ois. Transcasp. p. 32 (1885) ; Gigl. Avif. Ital. p. 190 (1886) ; Scott Wilson, 

 Ibis, 1887, p. 138 ; Tait, t. c. p. 190 ; Radde, Ornis, iii. p. 490 (1887) ; Scully, 

 J. A. S. Beng. Ivi. p. 83 (1887) ; Pleske, Mem. Acad. Imp. St. Pe'tersb. (7) xxxvi. 

 p. 41 (1888) ; Chapman, Ibis, 1888, p. 68 ; Sbarpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2), Zool. v. 

 pt. 3, p. 77 (1889) ; Eagle Clarke, Ibis, 1889, p. 529 ; Gigl. Primo Resoc. Avif. 

 Locali, p. 649 (1890) ; id. op. cit. Ind. Gen. p. 510 (1891) ; Sharpe, Rep. Sci. Res. 

 2nd Yark. Miss., Aves, p. 106 (1891). 



Cotyle {Ptyonoprogne) rupestris, Blanf. East. Persia, ii. p. 216 (1876). 



CUvicola rupestris, Brusina, Motr. (List of Birds of Croatia, etc.) p. 59 (1890); id. 

 Orn. Jahrb. ii. p. 17 (1891). 



C. major: rectricibus plerisque albo-notatis : subcaudalibus saturate bruiineis : gutture pallide isabellino, 

 mento minute fusco-maculato. 



Hall, ill regione Mediterraneo-Persica tota, per Asiam Centralem, et per peniusulam Indicam usque ad 

 niontes Mongolianas et Chinenses. 



Ailult. General colour above light asby brown, a little darker on the head, the rump and upper tail- 

 coverts decidedly lighter ; wing-coverts and quills dark brown, the inner greater coverts and inner 

 secondaries paler and more like the back ; tail-feathers dark brown, all but the two centre ones 

 and the outermost on each side unspotted, the remainder with a large oval white spot on the inner 

 web ; lores, cheeks, and ear-coverts dull brown ; under surface of body creamy buff, becoming deep 

 sandy buff on the lower breast and abdomen ; the chin and upper throat with dusky spots ; flanks, 

 vent, and under tail-coverts dull smoky brown, the latter slightly edged with rufous; axillaries 



