washed externally with glossy blue ; tail-feathers blackish washed fl-ith blue, all but the centre 

 ones with a large oval spot of white on the inner web, forming an oblique patch on the outer- 

 most feather ; forehead dark chestnut ; lores blackish ; ear-coverts purplish blue ; cheeks and 

 entire throat chestnut ; the sides of the fore neck purplish blue, the collar not complete, but 

 slightly broken with a few blue spots on the feathers ; remainder of under surface from the chest 

 downwards white, including the thighs and under tail-coverts, the flanks with a very faint tinge 

 of smoky brown ; axillaries and under'wing-coverts pale smoky brown, the outer edge of the wings 

 mottled with dusky bases to the feathers ; quills dusky below : " bill black ; fcct brown ; iris 

 black " {David). Total length G'" inches, culmen 0-35, wing f-G, tail ;3--i, tarsus O'S. 



Adult female. Similar in colour to the male. Total length G'2 inches, culmen O-J.., wing 4-7, tail 3, 

 tarsus 0'45. 



Obs. If one accepts the broken pectoral collar as the best sign of distinction between H. (jtitturalis and 

 H. rustica, it will be found to be so only in the majority of specimens, and by no means invari- 

 ably ; in fact there is as much variation with H. yutturalis in the direction of H. iytkri or 

 H. erythrogastra, as there is between H. rustica and H. savignii, for many undoubted examples 

 of H. gutturaUs are rufescent below, although there is never such a decided tint as in fuU- 

 plumaged H. rustica. 



Young birds fi-om Amoy are not to be distingnished from the young of H. rustica from England ; and 

 one in Mr. Seebohm^s collection has quite as broad a collar as any English specimen. 



Hub. Eastern Siberia and Kamtschatka, the Japanese Islands and Northern China, ranging south in 

 winter to India, the Indo-INIalayan Sub-Region, and the IMoluccas as far as Northern Australia. 



The Eastern Chimney-Swallow is a smaller bird than the true Uirundo rustica of 

 Europe, and is distinguished by the interrupted black collar on the fore neck, wliich is 

 never complete in the Eastern bird ; the under surface of the body is also whiter in 

 fully adult birds of H. gutturaUs, and there is less rufous tinge f n the uuderparts, 

 though many of the old birds show a certain amount of this rufous colour on the In'cast 

 and abdomen. We have already (supra, p. 217) spoken of the intermediate specimens 

 which frequently occur between II. gutturaUs and II. rustica, and it is extremely 

 difficult to apportion the synonymy of tliese two species, as many records of isolated 

 occurrences may belong to the intermediate form, and that only. 



In the Britisli Museum the specimens of true //. gutturaUs arc from the i'ollowing 

 localities : — Japan ; Amoy ; Canton ; Eormosa ; Siam ; Pegu ; Tenasserim : Andaman 

 Islands; ]\Ialacca ; Java; Sumatra; Labuan ; Sarawak: Luzon; Celebes: l^atehiau ; 

 Halmahera ; Bourou ; Amboina ; Pelew Islands ; and tlie north coast of .Vuslralia. 



In the Indian Peninsula and (he Indo-13urmese eounhies, examples liav(> been sen! 

 from the following places: — Kalliiawar; Kaniptee; ^lliuw: .Mannliiuun; l)il)rui;hnr ; 

 Shillong ; Sadhyia; Sylhet, and ^lani[)nr. 



Tlie localities of tin; inlcnnediate spcfinu^ns in the ilritish ^luscnni eulleelion hav(> 

 akcady been enumerated nmlci- llie bi'iuling ui' II. ruslicn, and wi' believe that (lie 

 accounts given below may be taken as uuilouhledly belonging to IL gu.tluratis. 



4. A 



