80 Canadian Record of Science. 



thermometers were previously tested at the Toronto 

 Observatory. 



Motion as Affecting the Temperature of Water. 



Some tests made above and at the foot of the rapids in 

 the Eichelieu Eiver at Chambly, would seem to show that 

 the motion of the water during the one mile of continuous 

 rapid here, raises the temperature of the water at least per- 

 ceptibly. Above the rapids at 3 p.m. on 29th August, the 

 air at the surface indicated 80° F., and the water at a depth 

 of 1.5 feet, 13.15° to 74° F., whilst at 3.45 p.m., at the foot 

 of the rapids, with the air at the surface, 15° F., the water 

 in 1.5 feet in the rapids was, in different tests, 74° to 74.5° 

 F. In other words, the water showed an increase of about 

 one-half a degree in the face of the decreasing temperature 

 of the air, as the afternoon wore on. Again, on 7th Sep- 

 tember, at 4.20 p.m., above the rapids, with the air on the 

 bank registering 66.5° F., the water at 1.5 feet depth indi- 

 cated 69.15° F. in the sun, while at 5.30 p.m., at the foot of 

 the rapids, the water in the rapids was still 69.75° F., though 

 the sun was clouded and the air on the bank had fallen to 

 62.5° F. 



Eapid currents have, however, the effect of equalizing 

 the temperature of the water. Thus, in June, atEockport, 

 among the Thousand Islands in the St. Lawrence, where 

 there is a strong current, the water, at nearly 40 fathoms, 

 indicated only 0.5 P lower temperature than at the surface. 



Areas of "Water of Different Temperatures. 



Under conditions which appear to be the same, and at 

 points relatively near each other, the water on the surface 

 of the lakes and rivers is not uniform in temperature, but 

 seems to flow in areas of different temperatures — the varia- 

 tion being generally from 1° to 3°. At different depths 

 down to the bottom, there are equally marked variations. 

 In the tributary streams similar results appear. An inter- 

 esting illustration occurred in a shallow creek, fully 



