248 Canadian Record of Science. 



Fig. 2. — Transverse section of vascular bundle from the inner vas- 

 cular zone. W. — woodcells; Sc — sclerenchyma cells sur- 

 rounding the wood tissue. x 40. 



Fig. 3. — Transverse section of the parenchyma tissue showing thick 

 walls, intercellular spaces and primary cell-walls. x 40- 



Fig. 4. — Transverse section of stem. Natural size. 



The Composition of the Ore Used and of the 

 Pig Iron Produced at the Radnor Porges. 



By J. T. Donald. 



The St. Maurice and the Radnor Forges, situated in the 

 vicinity of Three Rivers, are of interest to those interested 

 in the development of the iron industry in Canada, as well 

 as to the student of the history of the early colonists of the 

 Province of Quebec 



These forges are at present the property of the Canada 

 Iron Furnace Company, Ld., and the managing director 

 of this company, Mr. Geo. E. Drummond, has kindly fur- 

 nished the following historical note : " The value of the Three 

 Rivers ores has been known since a very early period in the 

 history of Canada. Official examinations were made by order 

 of the Government of France as far back as 1668 ; tests of 

 the ore were made before the year 1700, and finally in 173*7 

 a company was formed to erect a furnace and commence the 

 manufacture of pig iron. The Government of France 

 seems later on to have obtained control of the work, for in 

 1752 the St. Maurice furnace (erected and operated by the 

 Government) was blown in and the old stone stack bearing 

 date 1752 and the Government insignia, the Fleur de Lis, 

 still remains to dispute with that of Principio in Mary- 

 land, the right to be considered the oldest in America. At 

 that early period upwards of 300 men were employed under 

 directors who had obtained their skill in Sweden. Accord- 

 ing to the reports of Colonial Secretary Tranquet, the 

 works were carried on with much success. In addition to 

 pig iron, wrought iron of high quality was manufactured 

 from the product of the bog ore ; shot and shell were cast, 



