- 
Glaciation of Eastern Canada. 323 
principal water-shed referred to, it was found the striz had 
an entirely different course from those south of it, indicating 
ice-movement eastwardly and north-eastwardly towards the 
Gulf of St Lawrence. This was especially noticeable in the 
Baie des Chaleurs and Miramichi basins, on the south and 
south-western sides of which strie occur trending towards 
all points of the compass between north and east. Hence I 
inferred that the chief water-shed of the province referred 
to shed the ice in both directions as indicated by the striz." 
The strie follow the river valleys, however, to a large 
extent, the ice producing them having been influenced 
more or less also by the minor topographic features of 
the slopes. . 
Considerable areas in the interior and also upon the 
Carboniferous plain are found to be unglaciated. In the 
former, no ice action whatever was apparent, the rocks 
standing up with jagged, broken surfaces, and covered with 
their own debris, while nothing like boulder-clay can be 
seen. On the coastal area of the Carboniferous plain I 
observed boulder-clay and transported blocks overlying 
decomposed rock in situ. 
From these facts I conclude that the ice-covering of the 
province during the glacial period consisted of local glaciers 
only, the central area being mainly a gathering ground for 
the snow and ice, which sent off glaciers in opposite 
directions. Some of these glaciers, however, must have 
been quite large. The western end of the Baie des 
Chaleurs basin appears to have been occupied with one 
which drew its supplies from the west, north and east, 7. e. 
from the Restigouche, Nouvelle and Cascapedia valleys, 
etc.’ But the largest local glaciers were, undoubtedly, those 
which occupied the southern slope of the New Brunswick 
water-shed. They probably filled the St. John valley and 
spread over the minor water-shed, between it and the Bay 
of Fundy. Impinging against the coast hills of St. John 
' Annual Report Geol. Surv. of Canada, Vol. I, part GG. 
* Annual Report, Geol. Surv. of Canada, 1886, Vol. II, part M ; 
Canadian Naturalist, Vol. X, Nos. 1 and 4. 
