LIFE-HISTORY OF COLZAS EDUSA. 185 



tinged with bluish, resembling very closely the colour of the 

 upper surface of the clover leaf; the white spiracular line is con- 

 spicuous and encloses the spiracles and a yellow spot on each 

 segment. The previous description answers precisely to this 

 stage, excepting the above remarks. It rests with its anterior 

 segments slightly raised in a gentle curve. It has the power of 

 ejecting its excrement to some distance as if by means of a 

 spring. It feeds during the day in sunshine or shade, but prefers 

 the former, and grows rapidly. 



After fourth and last moult. — When full grown, on July 10th, 

 twenty-nine days old, it measures l^^ of an inch long, and is 

 almost cylindrical but slightly attenuated at either end; it is 

 moderately stout, but well proportioned ; the segments are 

 clearly defined and transversely wrinkled; the entire surface, 

 including the head, legs and claspers, is profusely sprinkled with 

 extremely minute black warts, each emitting a very fine and 

 short white hair, giving the whole surface a rough and somewhat 

 velvety appearance ; it is entirely of a clover-green colour, but 

 varying in depth, being darkest on the dorsal surface and palest 

 on the ventral area, where it approaches a bluish-whitish-green ; 

 a very beautiful and conspicuous spiracular stripe adorns the side, 

 which is composed of yellow and bright orange-vermilion streaks 

 alternating, the yellow occupying the anterior half, the red the 

 posterior half of each segment; the spiracles are white and situated 

 immediately in front of the red, the upper edge of the stripe is 

 outlined with white, and directly below the red mark is an 

 intensely rich black spot on each segment, from the third to 

 tenth inclusive ; the first two and last two segments are without 

 the black spot. 



This larva commenced crawling restlessly about on the 

 following day, the 11th, and early on the morning of the 12th it 

 fixed itself for pupating upon the gauze covering which I had 

 recently placed over the plants to prevent the full-grown larvae 

 from escaping ; at noon the next day it had pupated. 



The pupa measures f of an inch in length and ^ of an inch 

 across its greatest width. Lateral view : — The head terminates 

 in a point slightly upturned, with the dorsal surface compressed ; 

 the thorax is swollen and somewhat rounded and very slightly 

 keeled ; the body is nearly cylindrical and tapering to the anal 

 segment, which is rather elongated and furnished with hooks ; the 

 wing is dilated along the inner margin and considerably swollen 

 about the middle of the costal area. 



Dorsal view : — It is broadest across the thorax at the base of 

 the wings ; the head is sharply angular and the body gradually 

 attenuated. The colour of the head is dark olive-green above, 

 sharply defined laterally by light greenish yellow and clear 

 green underneath ; the whole of the dorsal surface is a clear light 

 green, with a medio-dorsal darker green longitudinal line, and 



