214 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Epinephele tithonus, L. — This species seems to be almost 

 confined to the southern counties. Mr. Birchall records it from 

 the Co. Wicklow, where, however, it must be scarce. Mr. Sinclair 

 mentions a specimen taken by Mr. G. Webb near Dublin. A few 

 taken in Galway {R.E.D.). It occurs at New Eoss (B.-H.), Co. 

 Wexford; in Co. Waterford at Cappagh, abundant; Minehead, 

 Queenstown, and Glengarriff, abundant. A similar genetic aberra- 

 tion, both in male and female, to that described as occurring in the 

 preceding species, i. e., with two spots below the apical ocellus, 

 is preserved in Mr. Tugwell's cabinet from Devonshire ; and I 

 have a similar one from Brecknockshire. I have not observed it 

 in Ireland. I have an Irish specimen with the whole upper and 

 under sides of a unicolorous ochre colour, like that of Coenonympha 

 pamphilus, the apical ocellus of fore wing being dark and distinct 

 above and beneath, but the marginal border almost obsolete. 

 The paler waved band on under side of hind wing is represented. 



Epinephele hypeeanthus, L. — Mr. Birchall remarks that this 

 butterfly is rather local in Ireland ; but I think this is only true 

 in so far as that it is chiefly confined to sheltered meadows. It 

 is very common in many places in the counties of Dublin, 

 Wicklow, Waterford, Cork, Kerry, Limerick (N.), Galway, King's 

 Co., Westmeath, andLeitrim ; in Monaghan at Drumreaske, and 

 elsewhere ; Tyrone at Favour Eoyal ; and in Donegal, about the 

 town of Donegal and Lough Eske, Mountcharles, Kathmullen, and 

 Inishowen {W. E. H.); near Derry rare and local (C.) ; Co. 

 Antrim, Ballymoney, abundant (C), also at Antrim; and gene- 

 rally abundant near woods throughout the county (W.). It varies 

 in the size and number of the ocelli, and the male sometimes is 

 devoid of them on the upper side ; but I have not noticed the 

 var. arete, perhaps for want of searching. A female has been 

 taken at Cromlyn {Mrs. B.), with the annular spots on the fore 

 wing as large above as they are generally beneath. The tendency 

 seems rather toward the development of the ocelli in the Irish 

 insect than their suppression. 



Ccenonympha typhon, Rott. — Widely spread throughout 

 Ireland on the bogs and mountains. Mr. Birchall, who found 

 it commonly in Galway, Mayo, and Kerry, was of opinion that 

 the Irish form was the typical davus of Fabricius, as distinguished 

 from the darker and more ocellated var. philoxenus, Esp. {roth- 

 liehii, Stgr.), from Lancashire, Westmoreland, and Yorkshire. 

 It is true that I have at Killarney, Westmeath, Galway, and 

 Sligo, met with single specimens of the var. laidion, but the 

 Irish usual form is well ocellated, frequently of a dingy brown 

 coloration, and is distinctly a transitional form between the two 

 extremes. It is interesting that the characters presented do not 

 much differ over such wide tracts of bog and moor. In the 

 vicinity of Mohill, Co. Leitrim, and on the banks of the Shannon 



