January 24, 18C5.] 



JOUENAIi OF HOETICULTUEE AXD COTTAGE GAEDENEE. 



n 



■William Cole stood in the foremost rank. He was tlie friend 

 of snoh men as Barnes, Stanley, Green, Fraser, May, Dodds, 

 and others, whose names are well known. Few men have 

 brought into the exhibition tent more specimen new plants 

 than ho did. He sought eagerly for new things when at 

 Dartford, and then did his best to bring tliem out as 

 exhibition plants. We believe we are correct in saying 

 that he was the first to bring out in this way Kollisson's 

 variety of Ixora .javanica, Genetyllis tulipifera, Franciscea 

 eximia and confertiflora, Ixora alba and salicifolia, Eogiera 

 amcBua and two other kinds, AUamanda neriifolia, Hebe- 

 cliniam ianthiniim and other plants. We well recollect how 

 he experimented with Stifftia chrysantha, a promising-look- 

 ing subject as it appeared in the illustrations of a Belgian 

 periodical, but which fairly baffled him. In 1853 he was 

 strongly recommended by Mr. Turner as the manager of 

 the Fog Lane Nursery, Manchester, then just started ; soon 

 after he became the proprietor, and year after year he fought 

 his way as the most successful exhibitor at the Floral Ex- 

 hibitions in the Midland and Northern Counties of England. 

 Manchester, York, Bishop Auckland, Eipon, Leeds, Brad- 

 ford, and many other towns owe much to him ; for Cole's 

 plants not only helped their shows, but spurred gardeners 

 on to similar successes. He was occasionallj' blunt in his 

 manner, but wo are certain that regret for his death will be 

 universally felt. The expression used in a letter to the 

 writer of these remarks by a well-known e.xhibitor in Scot- 

 land, who defeated Mr. Cole at Glasgow last August, will be 

 shared by many, especially by those who knew him best, 

 "We have lost a truly clever man." He has left sons, three 

 of whom will carry on the business as usual, for the benefit 

 of the widow and family. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCLETY'S MEETING. 



The January meeting of the Entomological Society was 

 lield on the 2ud inst., and, as may be surmised, was but 

 thinly attended in consequence of the festivities of the 

 season preventing many of the members from joining the 

 meeting. The chair was occupied by the President, P. 

 Pascoe, Esq., P.L.S. The Secretary gave notice of the pro- 

 posed alterations in the list of the Council and officers to be 

 made at the ensuing anniversary. 



Mr. F. Bond exhibited some minute Moths, Ephestia 

 ficeUa, which he had succeeded in rearing frcm cork, the 

 species having been previously bred from dried Figs, whence 

 the specific name. He also exhibited specimens of Depres- 

 saria olerella of Zeller, and a strange series of specimens of 

 the common Ghost Moth, Hepialus Humuli, captured at 

 Lerwick in Shetland. Out of twenty male specimens re- 

 ceived from this locality, only two exhibited the ordinary 

 pure white spotless a,ppearanoe of that sex ; the whole of 

 the remainder were more or less strongly marked with the 

 peculiar streaks and marks of the wings of the common 

 females. 



Mr. A. E. Wallace exhibited an extensive collection of 

 Beetles which he had recently received from Penang, in- 

 cluding two hundred species of Longicorn Beetles, of which 

 not fewer than seventy were new to science and distinct 

 from any which he had himself collected whilst at Singapore. 



The Eev. Hamlet Clark, on behalf of the Eev. P. Cam- 

 bridge, exhibited an interesting series of insects of different 

 orders, collected in Egypt by the latter gentleman, who had 

 remarked that insects as a general rule were rare on the 

 banks of the Nile, but that he had succeeded in obtaining a 

 considerable number of minute species of Moths. He had 

 also reared a species of Butterfly belonging to the genus 

 Thecla from the large pod of the Gum Cassia, and had ob- 

 served that a considerable space of the front of the temple 

 of Denderah was coated to the depth of several inches with 

 the nests of a species of Mason Bee belonging to the genus 

 Chalicodoma, which, together with its parasitic bee attendant 

 of the genus Caslioxys, were flying in vast numbers about 

 the temple. 



Mr. Eowland Trimen communicated a note from the Cape 

 of Good Hope on the synonomy of Nymphalis Jahlusa, Bois- 

 duval, described in his work on the Butterflies of South 

 Africa, and which he considered as identical with Charaxes 

 Argynnides, Westwood. 



A note was also read from the Eev. J. Collins, recording 

 the capture of a considerable number of specimens of the 

 rare Moth Dasypolia Templi in stone-quarries and among 

 loose stones near Huddersfield. 



A memoir by Mr. S. Stone was also read, containing an 

 account of his observations during the past year in the 

 natural histoiy of diiferent British species of Wasps. The 

 most remarkable fact mentioned by the writer was the great 

 prevalence of an infectious disease in many nests, whereby 

 the larvae were destroyed, their bodies becoming putrid in 

 the cells as early as the month of August, so that many 

 nests thus came to an untimely end. Other nests also were 

 attacked by large numbers of Mites. Mr. Stone also de- 

 scribed the maimfacture of the remarkable nest exhibited 

 by him at a previous meeting, in which two distinct species 

 of Wasps jointly assisted in building the nest, which was 

 consequently parti-coloured, each species employing a dif- 

 ferent kind of wood in constructing the envelope. 



Mr. Stevens announced that M. Bouchard, who had 

 started to South Amei'ica on an entomological excursion, 

 had arrived safely at San Tomaso, Yenezuela. 



WOEK EOE THE WEEK. 



KITCHEN GAEDEN. 



CoNTiNTjE to prepare ground as directed last week. If 

 any part of the garden is wet drain it effectually. Make 

 drains 3 feet deep and 20 feet apart. Use tiles and soles, 

 and place 6 inches of brickbats, stones, or clinkers over the 

 tUes ; and before filling in the soil shake a small quantity of 

 litter over the stones or other material, which will render 

 the drainage more perfect. Cabbage, try a small cowing of 

 Early Dwarf York on a warm border, and fill up all vacancies 

 in Cabbage and Colewort plantations, which should have 

 the surface constantly stirred to prevent the frost from dis- 

 placing them. Onimis, the ground intended for them would 

 be benefited by a top-dressing of well-decomposed manure^ 

 which should be forked in and well knocked about in frosty 

 dry mornings. Peas, sow a succession, and also of Broad 

 Beans ; and between the rows of Peas try a row of Eound 

 Spinach. Potatoes, where the ground is light and dry a few 

 Ashleaf or some other early sort may be planted. Radislies, 

 sow a succession on a sloping bank or border, and attend to 

 the protection of those coming on. Follow up with energy 

 and system the hoeing, surface-stirring, and dusting among 

 advancing crops. Destroy mice. 



FKTJIT GAKDEN. 



Prosecute vigorously the pruning and nailing of wall fruit 

 trees in favourable weather. Pruning Vines out of doors 

 should have been finished before now ; if not, let no time be 

 lost. Cut out old wood from Easpberries, and cut back 

 canes not wanted for fruiting. Eeplace decayed stakes, and 

 tie the fruiting-canes neatly thereto, for which purpose small 

 twigs of any tough willow are very applicable. Dress with 

 light manure, and dig the ground between the rows. Prune 

 and remove the suckers from FilbcLts, which are rarely 

 managed properly except in Kent. Young-planted orchard 

 trees should be securely staked, using a little hay or moss 

 at the tie to preserve the bark. D ast over on damp morn- 

 ings with soot and lime Gooseberries, &c., which are attacked 

 by birds. Let the fruit-room be looked over, and everything 

 showing decay removed. Slight fires must occasionally be 

 used. 



FLOWEE GAEDEN. 



Wherever there is a large extent of mixed shrubbery some 

 care is necessary to prevent the stronger-growing bushes 

 from overgrowing the weaker ones, and it will be found 

 better every few years to lift and replant the former than 

 to prune them severely, which by inducing the growth of 

 luxuriant wood prevents profuse blooming. Never allow the 

 margin of bare earth to intervene betwixt the grass and the 

 plants. Such should be covered with low-growing plants, 

 as Periwinkles and things of a similar habit ; and the plants 

 over the remaining space should be made to cover as much 

 of the border as possible. Prepare ground for Eoses either 

 in groups or single rows. If the soU is poor remove as 

 much as possible, and replace it with equal quantities of 

 rotten dung and loam. To have Eoses in perfection they 

 must have a rich soil. The pruning of the more common 



