June C, 1865. ] 



JOURNAL OF HOKTICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



WEEKLY CALENDAR. 



Day 



ot 



M'nth 



Day 



of 

 Week. 



JUNE 6-12, 1865. 



Average Temperature 

 near London. 



Rain hi 



last 

 38 years. 



San 

 Rises. 



Sun 

 Sets. 



Moon 

 Rises. 



Moon 



Sets. 



Moon's 

 Age. 



Clock 

 after 

 Sun. 



Day of 



Year. 









Day. 



Night. 



Mean. 



Days. 



m. h. 



m. h. 



m. h. 



m. h. 





m. 8 





6 



To 



Whit Tuesday. 



6S.6 



48.0 



57.3 



20 



47af 3 



10 If 8 



U 5 



12 2 



13 



1 38 



1.57 



7 



W 



Ember Wekk. Summer commences. 



68.6 



47.2 



67.9 



15 



46 3 



a 8 



14 6 



42 2 



14 



1 27 



158 



8 



Th 



Portugal Laurel floweis. 



70.0 



47.0 



58..5 



15 



46 3 



12 8 



13 7 



18 3 



15 



1 16 



159 



9 



F 



Dog Kose flowers. 



69.8 



47.7 



68.8 



20 



46 3 



12 8 



10 8 



3 4 



o 



1 5 



160 



10 



8 



Mallow flowers. 



71.2 



47.5 



69.3 



18 



45 3 



13 8 



59 8 



56 4 



17 



53 



161 



11 



Sun 



Teikitt Sdndat. [flowers. 



71.6 



48.3 



60.0 



13 



45 3 



14 8 



42 9 



55 5 



18 



41 



162 



12 



M 



Rongh-etalked Meadow Grass 



70.9 



49.1 



60.0 



18 



45 3 



14 8 



19 10 



2 7 



19 



29 



163 



From otserrationB taken near London during the last thirty-eight years, the average day temperature of 



the week 



is 69.8° 



and it3 



night 



temperature 47.S'. The greatest heat was 90° on the 6th and 7th, 1846; and 12lh, 1843; and the lowest cold, 3i', 



on the 9th, 1862. 



The 



greatest fall of rain was 1.48 Inch. 













A FEW NOTES 



ON CEOPPING A KITCHEN 

 GARDEN. 



(^ 



I 



UCH pleased was I 

 with tlie remarks 

 on " Kitclien-gar- 

 den Cropping," by 



" BUENTWOOD, P. 



D." (page 377), 

 whose mode of ob- 

 taining so much 

 produce from a 

 limited space de- 

 serves tobe widely 

 known, not only 

 because it shows 

 i m^j/iiiiM c -9=^ what may be done, 



A liyK/ y j|\»T but also as it may 



^^>;<®v WiC kJwWI induce others si- 



' ' ^ milarly situated to 



give an account of 

 their practice, and 

 as cases differ widely, much useful information may thus 

 be elicited. It is, however, weU to remember that there 

 is in general a wide difference between the practice of 

 the country and that of the suburban gardener, the 

 latter having to make the most of a limited space, though 

 to compensate for this disadvantage he can in most cases 

 obtain plenty of manure ; while, on the contrary, the 

 country gardener has often more ground at his disposal, 

 but is obliged to be more sparing of manure. Now, 

 although it is not exactly true that manure will do any- 

 thing, it is nevertheless a very powerful agent in pro- 

 ducing some of the more common vegetables. Those of 

 the gross-feeding class can be urged into growth by the 

 aid of this powerful auxiliary where the natural ground 

 from previous hard cropping would seem to claim a rest, 

 but plenty of good dung restores the worn-out soil, and 

 another crop is obtained. Most vegetables dehght in rich 

 son, and may therefore be grown on the forcing system 

 just described ; but the practice of the rural gardener is 

 somewhat different, he uses manure sparingljr. y"ery likely 

 there are large grass and arable fields in his immediate 

 vicinity having a claim to a share of the manure-heap as 

 great as his, and he is obliged to be content with a less 

 quantity than falls to the lot of his brother craftsmen 

 living near the great metropolis. There is one practice, 

 however, that is appHcable to both, and that is the rota- 

 tion of crops, which is attended with the best results, 

 and " BuENTWOOD, P. D.," has very wisely introduced it 

 into his system, and doubtless with good effect. I will 

 also add one or two modes of cropping which I have 

 found answer very well the double purpose of making 

 much of the ground and at the same time affording the 

 necessary change in cropping. 



One of the most important crops in all gardens, large 

 or small, is Cabbage, and with me this crop remains 

 longer in possession of the ground than any other, except 

 No; 219.— Vol. YIII., New Ssbies. 



permanent ones, such as Asparagus ; in fact, the main 

 crop of spring Cabbages, intended for use in May and 

 afterwards, is generally planted in October on ground 

 that has previously been devoted to Onions, but which 

 has been trenched and manured. The crop usually re- 

 mains fifteen or sixteen months on the same ground, and 

 is not removed until the second February following its 

 planting, the spring cutting of Cabbage being succeeded 

 by abundance of nice little sprouts, which afford a supply 

 of Greens up to that time, when, perhaps, the hardness 

 of the winter may have rendered them no longer useful. 

 The site they occupy is then dug or trenched, and, if 

 possible, sufficiently early for the soil to be exposed to 

 frost before it is again occupied. Potatoes or Scarlet 

 Eunners are then put in, but none of the Brassica tribe, 

 and for a like reason we prefer not planting Cabbage 

 with Peas, as we generally contrive to have one main 

 summer crop of Peas on ground that has not had any of 

 the Cabbage family upon it in the preceding season, as 

 Broccoli is usually planted between the rows of Peas, to 

 occupy the ground when the Peas are taken away. I 

 may mention that if the rows of Peas are 8 feet apart 

 four rows of Broccoli may be planted between, the 

 rows nearest the Peas being only 1 foot from these. Of 

 course care must be taken in gathering the Pea crop, and 

 after the last gathering the haulm ought not to remain a 

 single day. After its removal the ground may be slightly 

 dug, and the space it occupied and the rows of Broccoli 

 adjoining, may be refreshed with a liberal watering of 

 liquid manure ; and although the rows nearest the Peas 

 do show a somewhat uneven lanky growth, they speedily 

 recover, and by the end of autumn the crop is about 

 uniform. Of course when this mode of cropping is 

 adopted the Peas sown are those only which come into 

 use not later than August, so as to give as much time 

 as possible afterwards for the autumn growth of the 

 Broccoli. 



Eeturning to the Cabbage crop, from which the above 

 has been a digression, there is nothing, perhaps, in which 

 the practice of the private grower differs so much from 

 that of the great market gardeners as in regard to Cab- 

 bages. With the latter it is not unusual to see a large 

 breadth of Cabbages all of a size and all fit to cut at once, 

 and after cutting, the grou.nd is dug or trenched, heavily 

 manured, and a fresh crop is upon it in less than a week. 

 This would not suit a private fiimily, where a great num- 

 ber of different vegetables are wanted at different times 

 instead of a waggon-load at once : consequently the 

 private grower must select the variety of Cabbage that is 

 least inclined to run to seed, and also suit the time of 

 sowing to the same end, so as not have any portion of 

 his crop running to flower either before cutting or after- 

 wards. He may also if he choose sow and plant a few 

 Coleworts ; but in general he depends more on the vari- 

 ous kinds of Greens, Brussels Sprouts and the like, to 

 carry him through than on Coleworts, which after all differ 

 only in name from the side sprouts of the preceding 

 Cabbage crop. It must also be borne in mind in cropping 

 that the Cabbage tribe occupy a large space of ground, 

 No. «71.— Vol. XXXIII., Old Beeies. 



