Vol. I, No. 4.] The Monasteries of Tibet. 111 
NES. | 
residence of Tsong-khapa, which contains the chair of the great re- 
former, is to be seen the curious image of the hero Khanda Kapala 
with a halo of variegated colours round his head. In the ascetical 
cell called Hodsalphug' (the cavern of light) where Tsong-khapaused 
to perform ascetical meditation the images of the terrific Vajrapani 
and his retinue attract the attention of the pilgrims. In the interior of 
the hall of priestly assembly called Dukhang-Karpo, * the Serthi ® 
(the golden chair, 7.e., the hierarchical throne) and the statue of 
Tsong-khapa impress the faithful pilgrim with awe and reverence. 
Phola Jing Wang provided this temple with a gilt dome built after 
the Chinese style and deposited in it a set of 108 volumes of the 
Kahgyur scriptures written in gold. In the Nai-choikhang* a 
tooth of the saintly reformer, called Tsem-Hodzer-ma > (the lustrous 
tooth) and the image of the thousand armed Avalokitegvara whose 
eleven heads look with eyes of mercy on all living beings of the 
world, are remarkable. 
In the college of Chyang-tse, there is an elephant illustrative 
of one of Buddha’s former births with a number of devout followers, 
all made of horn. There are also some representations of sainted 
fairies called Khandoma,® and a set of Vanérik bone ornaments 
including strings of beads, earrings, chains, amulets, etc., all made 
of human bones. All these are said to have once been used by the 
Indian saint Naropa. Naropa’s mitre-shaped crown and his Tshe- 
bum (pot of longevity) containing consecrated water which never 
dries, are looked upon by devout pilgrims as wonderful objects of 
veneration. In the Gonkhang of this college there are terrific 
representations of the Lord of Death and his frightful companions, 
messengers, and guards. In the Parkhang (printing house) are tobe 
seen Tsong-khapa’s voluminous works—all engraved on wooden 
blocks which are piled up in different rooms from which impres- 
sions can be had on daphne paper, at any time, at asmall cost. In 
the temple of Yangpa-chan’ there are the scenes of Buddha’s triumph 
over Mara (the evil one) and his legions. In the outer passage of cir- 
cumambulation called Chyi-kor ®pilevrims are shewn many self-exis- 
tent (Rang-Jing)® sacred letters, figures, and fountain heads, finger- 
marks and footprints on rocks,and outside of this passage there 
is a lofty seat consecrated to the mountain god of Ma-chen 
Pomra, who is said to have patronised Tsong-khapa in his arduous 
works. The successors of Tsong-khapa, who are appointed by 
ASABE] AS RORTAE] © ARATE 
BAT SST AISA | * BAS SN | | 
* BIRAYART S| © AQEATETS§ 
| * REC 
