Vol. I, No. 9.]  Dignaga and his Pramana-samaccaya. 227 
[N.S.] 
1300). One of Jina’s works was also translated about the same time 
and by the same translator (Nanjio’s Catalogue i. 10). We have 
already seen that Jina was identical with Dignaga. These lead us 
to conclude that Dignaga flourished before 557 A.D. 
From Tibetan sources we have further found that Dignaga 
was a disciple of Vasubandhu. Now Vasubandhu! was contem- 
porary of Lha-tho-ri, King of Tibet who lived up to 371 A.D.? 
There seems to have existed a Sanskrit work? on the life of Vasu- 
bandhu which was translated into Chinese by Kumarajiva A.D. 
401-409. These facts go to show that Vasubandhu lived in the 
middle of the 4th century A.D. and Dignaga about 400 A.D.* 
1 Vide Pag-sam-jon-zang. 
* Csoma De Koros’s Tibetan Grammar, p. 182. 
8 Nanjio’s Catalogue, Appendix i. 6. 
4 Mr. Takakusu in a very learned article on Vasubandhu, published in the 
Journal of the London Royal Asiatic Society, January 1905, fixes the date of 
Vasubandhu at about A.D. 920-500. According to this theory Dignaga must 
have flourished about 500 A.D. Takakusu’s chief argument is that Samgha- 
bhadra was a contemporary of Vasubandhu (vide Hwen thsang, I-tsing, 
Paramartha’s Life of Vasubandhu, etc.), and was the translator of the Saman- 
tapasadika of Buddhaghosa into Chinese in 488 A.D. 
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