CRADLES OF THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES. 163 



It is somewhat difficult to mark the southern limit of the cradle frame 

 owing to the great elevations in Mexico and middle America. The Na- 

 tional Museum does not possess a cradle frame of any tribe living south 

 of the northern tier of Mexican States until we cross the equator. The 

 most southern tribes of Mexico from which specimens have come, are 

 the Pimas, Yumas, and Yaquis. It is not here denied, however, that 

 tribes farther south use this device. 



No attempt is here made to exhaust the study of child life in sav- 

 agery. All who read this paper are doubtless familiar with the work 

 of Dr. Ploss, entitled " Das Kind."* 



The most exhaustive analysis of the subject will be found in the 

 treatise of Dr. E. Pokrooski, of Moscow, published in the fourteenth 

 volume of the Transactions of the Society of Friends of Natural Sci- 

 ence, Anthropology, etc. The work is devoted especially to the differ- 

 ent peoples of Russia. The table of contents is here appended because 

 the volume is likely to be overlooked, and in order to show the ramifi- 

 cations of this interesting theme: 



Chapter I. Attention paid to the protection and development of the embryo, heredity, 

 relations of the sexes, condition of woman, consanguine marriages, polygamy 

 and polyandry, marriage in classical antiquity, care taken of pregnant women 

 among ancient and modern peoples. 



Chapter ii. Abortion and infanticide ; motives: superstitions, fear of monsters, misery, 

 etc. ; legislation relative to abortion and infanticide. 



Chapter in. Parturition and the condition of the new born. 



Chapter IV. Care relative to the umbilical cord. , 



Chapter v. Dwelling of the infant in the family of the parents. 



Chapter vi. Care of the skin. 



Chapter vii. Bathing of infants. 



Chapter vni. Cold baths and baptism, in Europe, in Thibet, etc. 



Chapter ix. Dressing of infants among ancient peoples and modern savages. 



Chapter X. Dressing of Russian children. 



Chapter XI. Enameling (emmaillotement). 



Chapter xn. Kneading and rectification of the body of the infant. 



Chapter xm. Artificial deformation of the skull, ancient macrocephals, deformation 

 among modern peoples, especially in Russia, Caucasia, Poland, Lapland, etc. 



Chapter xiv. Influence of the infant's posture in its bed upon the deformation of the 

 occiput, custom of bedding children among the Thracians, Macedonians, Ger- 

 mans, and Belgians of the sixteenth century, and among the modern Asiatics. 

 The form of the occiput in Russians of the Kourgans, from the craniological col- 

 lections of Moscow. 



Chapter xv. The cradle among different peoples. 



Chapter xvi. The cradles of the Russians. 



Chapter xvn. Cradles among other peoples of Russia, Tsiganis, Fins, Esths, Livon- 

 ians, Laps, Poles, Jews, Lithuanians, Tcheremis, Bashkirs, Nogai', Sarts, Kirghiz, 

 Kalmuks, Vakuts, Buriats, Tuuguses, So'iotes, Woguls, Samoides, Goldoi, Koriaks, 

 Kamchadales, Caucasians, etc. 



Chapter xvin. Methods of putting children in their beds, of carrying them and trans- 

 porting them, dependence on climate, mode of life ; bearing them on the arm, 

 back, neck, head, hip ; in bags, paniers, chests, skins, etc. ; customs of the Chinese, 

 Negroes, Hottentots, American Indians, Kamchadales, Japanese,etc, in this regard. 



* Dr. H. Ploss. Das Kind in Brauch und Sitte der Volker. Anthropologische Stu- 

 dien. Leipzig (1884), Grieben, 2 vols., 8vo, 



