THE HUMAN BEAST OF BURDEN. 



269 



and coiled work, which they practice in common with their neighbors 

 and blood kindred, the Utes, though with vastly greater taste and skill, 

 they have somewhere learned the art of making true wicker-work. 

 (Fig. 16.) This is indeed rare west of the Eocky Mountains. Two speci- 

 mens are here figured, the one coarse and holding over a bushel, the 

 other fine and having the capacity of a peck. Both of them are carried 

 by means of a head-band. The wicker is based on a warp of rigid twigs, 

 in bunches of twos or threes. The woof is made up of twigs passing 

 alternately over and under the warp. In fact, it would be more correct 

 to call the bent twigs the warp, because they are alternately raised and 



Fig. 15. 

 Carrying-net. 



(Cat. No. 11244, U. S. N. M. Ute Indians. Southern Utah. 

 Collected by Major J. W. Powell. ) 



Fig. 18. 

 'Carrying-crate" of Zuni and other Pueblos. 



( Cat. No. 22971, U. S. N. M. Collected by Major J. W. Powell. ) 



lowered as if with a weaver's harness, while the straight twigs pass 

 along the openings just as the warp does in common weaving. The 

 method of fastening off the wicker twigs is shown in the detail of the 

 coarser pattern. (Figs. 17, 18.) Baskets of this very pattern are found 

 at Znfii, but the opinion obtains that the basketry of this region belongs 

 especially to the Shoshonian and the Apache-Tinne" stock. Barter is 

 going on all the time, and it is difficult to follow tribal characteristics 

 under such circumstances. 



The Zuni and most of the Eio Grande pueblos are famous for their 

 pottery. The pack-men and the pack-women here distinguish them- 

 selves, especially for the ease and grace with which they carry water 

 and other burdens on the head. Here comes in the head-ring or burden- 

 pad, specimens of which are figured (Figs. 19, 20). They are made either 

 by wrapping a bundle of soft bast or grass into a ring, as in the top 



