434 ANTHIDZ. 
lines and a half in breadth. The young are hatched early 
in spring. 
The Rock Pipit, besides the localities already quoted, is 
probably to be found on all the shores of the United King- 
dom. Mr. Dunn says, it is abundant in all parts of Shet- 
land and Orkney. Professor Nilsson says it is migratory in 
Sweden, only visiting that country in summer: Mr. Hewit- 
son saw it in Norway, and M. Temminck says that it goes 
as far north as Greenland. Dr. Richardson and Mr. Swain- 
son quote Anthus aquaticus as an inhabitant of North Ame- 
rica; but after a close examination of specimens from that 
country agreeing exactly with Mr. Swainson’s excellent 
figure, I cannot but consider that bird as distinct from our 
own. 
On the European Continent, the Rock Pipit is abundant 
over the maritime shores of Holland, and occasionally on 
the borders of the Rhine. M. Vieillot says, it is seen asa 
migratory bird on the banks of rivers in France; and it is 
included in Ornithological works referrmg to Provence, 
Switzerland, and Italy, as an occasional visitor in summer ; 
it is also found at Malta. M.Temminck says, that speci- 
mens of this bird from Japan only differ from European 
examples in the plumage being a little darker in colour, 
and the spots on the under surface of the body being a little 
larger. 
The beak is dark brown on the upper part of the upper 
mandible, and on the point of both mandibles, the base and 
edges of both pale yellow brown; irides dark brown; over 
the eyes and ear-coverts a light-coloured streak, not always 
conspicuous; the top of the head, ear-coverts, nape of the 
neck, back, wings, and upper tail-coverts, nearly uniform 
olive brown, the centre of the feathers on the back only 
being rather darker than their edges; quill-feathers dark 
