516 FRINGILLID A. 
INSESSORES. FRINGILLID/E. 
CONIROSTRES. 
THE TREE SPARROW. 
Passer montanus. 
Fringilia montana, Tree Sparrow, Penn. Brit. Zool. vol. i. p. 458. 
° ° x MonracGu, Ornith. Dict. 
= 5 Mountain ,, Bewicx. Brit. Birds, vol. i. p. 190. 
Pyrgita 0 Tree 5 Fiem. Brit. An. p. 83. 
Passer montanus, 45 oe Sey, Brit. Ornith. vol. i. p. 300. 
Fringilla montana, 45 Fs Jenyns, Brit. Vert. p. 135. 
Pyrgita oy & 35 Goup, Birds of Europe, pt. xvi. 
Fringilla 5 Bee-fin Friquet, Tem. Man. d’Ornith. vol. i. p. 354. 
Passer. Generic Characters.—Beak strong, conical, longer than deep, the 
upper mandible slightly curved, the lower mandible compressed, and smaller than 
the upper. Nostrils lateral, basal, rounded, partly concealed by the short feathers 
at the base of the mandible. Wings with the second quill-feather rather the 
longest. Legs with the tarsi nearly as long as the middle toe; claws sharp and 
curved, that of the hind toe rather larger than that of the middle toe. Tail 
nearly square. 
I nave followed Mr. Selby im considering the numerous 
species of Sparrows, some of which are found in almost 
every country in the world, as entitled to generic distinc- 
