HAWFINCH. 537 
the other quill-feathers nearer the body are square at 
the end; rump and upper tail-coverts fawn colour; the 
outside tail-feather on each side black at the base and on 
the outer web, the distal half of the inner web white ; the 
next four on each side also black at the base, with the 
ends of both webs white, the proportion of white diminish- 
ing in each feather; the two centre tail-feathers rather 
shorter than the others, and greyish brown, tipped with 
white; chin and throat velvet black: sides of the neck, 
the breast, and belly, pale nutmeg brown; under tail- 
coverts white ; legs, toes, and claws, pale wood-brown. 
The whole length of the bird full seven inches. From 
the carpal joint to the end of the wing, four inches: the 
first three quill-feathers very nearly equal in length, but 
the second rather the longest of the three ; the fourth one- 
eighth of an inch shorter than the third; the fifth three 
eighths of an inch shorter than the fourth. 
In the female, the black at the base of the beak and on 
the lore, or space between the beak and the eye, is much 
less conspicuous than in the male; the black patch on the 
chin is also of smaller size; the colour of the head, neck, 
and back, less pure, and blending more with each other ; 
the white colour on the larger wing-coverts more mixed with 
brown, and the outer webs of the tertials are bluish grey. 
In the young bird, and in the old ones during winter, the 
beak is of a fleshy red colour, but inclining to pale brown on 
the ridge of the upper mandible; the head, neck, and 
upper parts, yellowish olive brown; the bar on the wing 
less conspicuous ; the throat yellow, bounded by a small 
line of brown spots, which indicate the outline of the black 
‘patch on the throat of adult birds; under surface of the 
body pale yellowish brown, each feather tipped with 
darker brown. 
The nest is figured at page 549. 
